Serine

Threonine

Asparagine

UGA

UAA

UAG

U Go Away

U Are Away

U Are Gone

α-Amanitin

(Found in death cap mushrooms)

buy AT 30, CCELL at 50.

30s Subunit:

Aminoglycosides

Tetracyclines

50s Subunit:

Chloramphenicol

Clindamycin

Erythromycin

Lincomycin

Linezolid

What collagen is most frequently affected in Ehlers -Danlos syndrome?

What are the common symptoms?

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Faulty collagen synthesis of Type III collagen

Causing:

Hyperextensible Skin

Tenedency to bleed

Hypermobile joints

Associated with:

joint dislocation

Berry aneurysms

Organ Rupture

Alport Syndrome

Gene defect resulting in abnormal type IV collagen 

Most Common form is X-linked recessive

Characterized by:

progressive nephritis and deafness

Ocular disturbances

What are the Rate Limiting Steps for the following?

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis

TCA cycle

Glycogen synthesis

Glycogenolysis

Glycolysis:

Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)

Gluconeogenesis:

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

TCA cycle:

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

Glycogen synthesis:

Glycogen synthase

Glycogenolysis:

Glycogen phosphorylase

What are the rate limiting steps for the following pathways?

HMP shunt

De novo pyrimidine synthesis

De novo purine synthesis

Urea Cycle

HMP shunt

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)

De novo pyrimidine synthesis:

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II

De novo purine synthesis:

Glutamine-PRPP amidotransferase

Urea Cycle:

Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I

What is the Rate limiting step for the following pathways?

Fatty acid synthesis

Fatty acid oxidation

Ketogenesis

Cholesterol synthesis

Fatty acid synthesis:

Acetyl-CoaA carboxylase

Fatty acid oxidation:

Carnitine acyltransferase I

Ketogenesis:

HMG-CoA synthase

Cholesterol synthesis:

HMG-CoA reductase

What glycogen Storage disease matches:

Glycogen phosphorylase deficiency

Painful muscle cramps, myoglobinuria with strenuous exercise

Type V

McArdle's Disease

McArcle's = Muscle

Which glycogen storage disease matches:

Glucose-6-phosphatase Deficiency

Lactic acidosis, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia

Increased glycogen in liver, Severe Fasting Hypoglycemia

Severe Hepatosplenomegaly, Enlarge Kidneys

Type I

Von Gierke's Disease

Which glycogen storage disease matches the following:

α-1,6-glucosidase deficiency

Hepatomegaly, hypoglycemia, hyperlipidemia

Type III

Cori's disease

Which Glycogen Storage disease matches the following:

α-1,4-glucosidase deficiency

Cardiomegaly (infantile)

diaphragm weakness leading to respiratory failure (adult)

Type II

Pompe's disease

What are the 5 cofactors required for

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase?

TCA Cycle

Pyruvate → Acetyl-CoA

Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex cofactors:

Thiamine (B₁)

Lipoid Acid

CoA (B_5, pantothenate)

FAD (B₂, riboflavin)

NAD (B₃, niacin)

TLC For No one