Term
| Explain how cells differ from one another. |
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Definition
| cells vary greatly in size, shape, content, and function. |
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Term
| Describe the general characteristics of a composite cell. |
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Definition
Cell membrane-encloses the cell, selectively permeable
nucleus- houses genetic material, controls cellular activities
cytoplasm- fills out the cell |
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Term
| Explain how the components of a cell’s membrane provide its functions. |
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Definition
| composed of mainly lipids and pros, few carbs |
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Term
List each kind of cytoplasmic organelle and explain its function. 10
(Defined separately) |
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Definition
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Ribosomes
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Peroxisomes
Microfilaments and microtubules
Centrosome
Cilia and flagella
Vesicles |
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Term
| Describe the cell nucleus and its parts. |
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Definition
Houses genetic material (DNA)
nuclear envelope
nucleoplasm- fluid where nucleolus and chromatin are suspened
nucleolus- "little nucleus", composed of RNA and PRO's. ribosomes form here and migrate through nuclear pores to cytoplasm
chromatin- loosely coiled fibers of DNA and protein. condense to form chromosomes |
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Term
| Explain how substances move into and out of cells. |
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Definition
through membrane
diffusion
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
filtration |
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Term
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Definition
changes in cell from when it forms to when it divides
interphase, mitosis, cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis), differentiation |
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Term
Explain how a cell divides.
defined later |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain how stem cells make possible growth and repair of tissues. |
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Definition
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Term
Explain how two differentiated cell types can have the same genetic information, but
different appearances and functions. |
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Definition
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Term
| Delineate apoptosis/necrosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the relationship between apoptosis and mitosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) |
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Definition
vast tubular network that transports molecules from one cell part to another
participates in synthesis of protein and lipids
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
protein synthesis occurs
attached to ER membranes
cluster of ribos = polysomes
composed of protein and RNA molecules
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
refines, packages, and transports proteins
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
can move slowly through cytoplasm,
reproduce by dividing
capture and stores ATP
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
"garbage disposals of cell"
contain powerful enzymes that break down nutrient molecules or foreign particles
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
abundant in liver and kidney cells
breakdown (catalyze) things
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
| Microfilaments and microtubules |
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Definition
thin, threadlike strands
form the cytoskeleton
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
near golgi and nucleus
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
motile structures that extend from the surfaces of certain cells
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
sacs formed by part of the cell membrane folding inward and pinching off.
result is tiny bubble like vesicle containing liquid or something else that was previously outside of the cell
(cytoplasm) |
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Term
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Definition
Cell division
part of gametogenesis
formation of egg cells and sperm cells |
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Term
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Definition
Mitosis-division of nucleus
cytokinesis- division of cytoplasm |
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