Term
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Definition
| Fluid Left after clotting |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid left after removing cells when clotting is inhibited. |
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Term
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Definition
| Volume of blood occupied by cells (43% is average) |
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Term
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Definition
| Agranlocytes - Lymphocytes, Monocytes.... & Granulocytes - Basophils, Eosoniphils, Neutrophils. |
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Term
| Key features of erythrocytes |
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Definition
| No nuclei, dense, 33% hemoglobin, life span 120 days, and removed by macrophages in spleen (based on aging oligosaccharides of surface proteins... ) |
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Term
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Definition
| Protein associated with transmembrane proteins involved in forming RBC into disk... If wrong, RBC changes shape and can result in anemia, jaundice, and splenomegaly. |
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Term
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Definition
| Through serum proteins such as fibrinogen that bind to sialic acid residues on glycoproteins.... Formations called Rouleaux formations. |
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Term
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Definition
| WBC's (Approximately 1% of blood volume) w two types... Granulocytes (Basophils, Eosinophils, and Neutrophils) and Agranulocytes (Lymphocytes and monocytes) |
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Term
| What percentage of leukocytes are circulating? |
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Definition
| 50% are circulating and 50% is stuck to wall of vessels and in spleen. |
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Term
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Definition
| 2X size of RBC with segmented nucleus and specific granules that don't stain and lysosomes that do stain lightly... Life span is 6-8 hours in circulation and then 2-4 days in connective tissue... Primary fxn is phagocytose bacteria and will increase in number during infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of neutrophil entering extravascular space of connective tissue where it will live for 2-4 days after 6-8 hours in the circulation system... |
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Term
| What is a shift to the left? |
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Definition
| Increased numbers of neutrophils in response to infection... Also means more immature neutrophils are released into peripheral vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| Coating of bacteria with antigen from plasma cell so it can serve as ligand and be recognized by neutrophil |
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Term
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Definition
| Use oxygen species, specific granules, or aqurophilic granules to break down bacteria that has been marked by antibody from plasma cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| WBC count increases above normal, % of neutrophils increase (Typically 60-70% of WBC), pathogenic organisms found in blood, increased ESR (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate) - where infection causes fibrinogen to increase and causes quicker settling), |
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Term
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Definition
| 2-4% of leukocytes (WBC), 2X size of RBC, 3-4 days in circulation and 8-12 days in connective tissue, |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased presence in allergic reactions and parasitic infections in response to mast cells (Act against)... Granules have major basic protein (MBP) to kill parasites, and they phagocytose antigen/antibody complex, and regulate other leukocytes at sites of inflammation/immune rxn by secreting cytokines.. |
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Term
| What regulates Eosinophils? |
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Definition
| Corticosteroids such as glucocorticoids decrease their number... |
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Term
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Definition
| <1% of leukocytes, 2X of RBC, Dark granules but much less than in mast cells and enter connective tissue in hypersensitivity reactions... |
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Term
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Definition
| 20-35% of leukocytes with two major cell types, B and T cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| 20% of circulating lymphocytes and differentiate after antigen exposure to become plasma cells and produce antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| 80% of lymphocytes and involved in cell mediate immunity (Killing tumors and virally infected cells) and can assist in making antibodies and signaling other leukocytes. |
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Term
| What increases in leukemia? |
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Definition
| Lymphocytes because they are used to produce antibodies and kill cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Solid tumors made of lymphocytes. |
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Term
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Definition
| 5-10% of leukocytes, Over 2X size of RBC with kidney shaped nucleus with 1-4 days in circulation before entering connective tissue and become macrophage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Required for all of the leukocytes to recognize antigen and take component into cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Platelets... .25 size of RBC w no nucleus and are a piece of cytoplasm from megakaryocyte in bone marrow and 7-10 day lifespan. |
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Term
| Are new platelets larger or smaller? |
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Definition
| Larger. this will be better at binding to damaged endothelial cells. Larger platelets have more granules inside them to aid in clotting. |
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Term
| How are blood clots broken down? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| List the ontongeny of blood cell formation. |
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Definition
| Primordial phase to hepatosplenothymic phase to medullolymphatic phase. |
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Term
| Primordial phase of blood cell formation? |
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Definition
| Begins at two weeks of life with nucleated RBC's and fetal hemoglobin in blood islands of yolk sac... |
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Term
| Hepatosplenothymic phase of blood cell formation? |
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Definition
| 2 months of embryonic life with anucleated RBC's and what cells produced and occurs in the liver, spleen, and thymus |
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Term
| Medullolymphatic phase of blood cell formation? |
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Definition
| birth through adult life with bone marrow producing anucleated RBC's and white cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains stem cells that give rise to blood cells, located in long and flat bones, and has vascular channels with developing blood and fat cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Comprised of fat cells with no hematopoiesis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stem cells placed under the capsule of the spleen producing all types of blood cells... (Pluripotential) |
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Term
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Definition
| CD34, c-kit, and Thy-1 (Know CD34) |
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Term
| Stimulates all stem cells and produced by stromal cells? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| stimulate many types of cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulate unipotential stem cells in granulocytes and monocyte production |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulates unipotential stem cells in monocyte/macrophage production |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulates unipotential stem cells in granulocyte production |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulates RBC production |
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