Term
| Give a thiazide diruetc and its mechnism of action |
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Definition
BENDROFLUMETHAZIDE
Actos on DCT - inhibit NA/Cl co transporter
dec Na and water reabsorption = decreased blood volume. |
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Term
| What are the side effects of thiazide diuretics? |
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Definition
Impotence
postural hypotension
hypokalaemia (inc na in filtrate stimulates NA/K echange in CD |
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Term
| give 2 examples of beta blockers and explain their mechanism of action |
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Definition
Propanolol = B1 and B2
Atenolol = B1 selective
Block action of Ad/norad on Beta receptors
decreased sympathetic stimulation of the heart = decreased HR and SV = decreased CO.
Decreased stimulation of renin release = decreased AT2 = dec vasoconstriction and dec aldosterone = dec Na and water reabs |
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Term
| What are the side effects of beta blockers? |
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Definition
Postural hypotension
bronchospasm
diabetes (stim gluconeogen and glycogenolysis)
bradycardia |
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Term
| Give an example of and ACE inhibtitor and explain their mechanism of action. |
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Definition
Rampipril/claptopril
Block actions of ACE = no AT2 production = decreased vascoconstriction, and aldosterone production = dec water reabsorption. |
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Term
| What are the side effects of ACE Inhibitors? |
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Definition
Decreased blood pressure on first dose
dry cough (Inc bradykinin) |
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Term
| Give an example of an AT2 Receptor blocker and its side effects. |
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Definition
Losartan
s/e = diarrhoea and urticaria |
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Term
| Give and example of a calcium channel blocker and its mechanism of action. |
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Definition
Nifedipine/Amlodipine
Block L-type Ca channels
decreasedd calcium entry into vascualr smooth muscle and heart.
muscle relation = decreased workload of heart and decreased teripheral resistance. |
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Term
| What are the side effects of calcium channel blockers? |
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Definition
Arrythmias
headache
flushing
constipation
oedema
dizzyness |
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Term
| Give examples of centrally acting drugs and how they work. |
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Definition
clonidine/methyldopa
Converted to false neurotransmitters and adrenergic synapses.
oIncreased stimulation of alpha 2 receptors in medulla = decreased sympathetic drive. |
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