Term
| What does Whole Blood contain? |
|
Definition
| RBCs, Plasma, Platelets, White Cells |
|
|
Term
| The Hematocrit of Whole Blood is between what values? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the volume of Whole Blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the storage temperature range of Whole Blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the dating period for Whole Blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 things does Whole Blood simultaneous replace? |
|
Definition
blood volume
O2 carrying capacity |
|
|
Term
| When would Whole Blood be used? |
|
Definition
| Massive transfusion or trauma |
|
|
Term
| Is Whole Blood commonly used? |
|
Definition
| No; almost never used anymore |
|
|
Term
| What are the limitations on Whole Blood? |
|
Definition
No viable platelets, clotting factor V & VIII or granulocytes
Large volume of fluid |
|
|
Term
| What can Whole Blood cause in the elderly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the volume of RBCs when CPDA-1 is used and have is the HCT? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the volume of RBCs when ADSOL is used and have is the HCT? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
RBC Dating Period - Once entered, only good for 24 hours |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One uses RBCs to increase what? |
|
Definition
| O2 carrying capacity in symptomatic anemia |
|
|
Term
| One transfuses RBCs when Hemoglobin and Hematocrit are at what values? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When supplied with RBCs, how much should hematocrit rise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the limitations of RBCs? |
|
Definition
| No viable platelets, granulocytes, or coagulation factors |
|
|
Term
| What is the advantages of RBCs? |
|
Definition
| No ABYs to react with recipient AGNs because plasma is removed |
|
|
Term
| All RBCs for transfusion (regardless of additional processing) must be what? |
|
Definition
ABO & D compatibility
IAT & Cross match
Infectious Diseases |
|
|
Term
| How many/much WBCs have been removed from Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the method of preparation for Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the volume for RBCs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What % of Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs must remain after filtration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the storage temperature for Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs prevent? |
|
Definition
| Febrile Reactions due to HLA ABYs |
|
|
Term
| You use Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs after the patient has had how many febrile reactions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs decrease the likelihood of? |
|
Definition
| CMV infection in susceptible patients |
|
|
Term
| Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs decrease alloimmunization to what? |
|
Definition
| HLA antigens in those who will need large number of transfusions |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs are more expensive than RBCs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What will Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs not prevent and why? |
|
Definition
TA-GVHD
Lymphs are too small |
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of using Leukocyte-Reduced RBCs? |
|
Definition
| Reduce immune modulation of transfusions by getting rid of WBCs before they release cytokines |
|
|
Term
| When would you use Washed RBCs? |
|
Definition
| When you want to remove ALL the plasma |
|
|
Term
| What type of patients do you use Washed RBCs for? |
|
Definition
| IgA deficient patients who develop an ABY to IgA and have a severe allergic reaction to past transfusions |
|
|
Term
True or False:
You also use Washed RBCs for people with PNH to remove plasma and its complement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long are RBCs good for after they have been washed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You use irradiated blood to prevent what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Radiation prevents what from proliferating? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Whom should the transfusions come from for patients who need Irradiated RBCs? |
|
Definition
| First Degree Blood Relatives |
|
|
Term
| What type of patients need irradiated RBCs? |
|
Definition
Intrauterine
Preemies
Severe Immunocompromised |
|
|
Term
| RBC that have been irradiated has their expiration date changed to how many days? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Irradiated RBC expiration date changes to original date if it is closer due to RBC membrane destruction and increased potassium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CMV Negative Blood is needed for what type of patients? |
|
Definition
| Seronegative preemies, intrauterine, BMT, HIV, solid organ transplant and other severely immunosuppressed |
|
|
Term
| What % of the population is seronegative? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are frozen RBCs reconstituted with after thawing? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is added to RBCs prior to being frozen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Glycerol do to RBCs? |
|
Definition
| Removes Water to prevent lysis |
|
|
Term
| What is the volume of Frozen RBCs post-deglycerolization? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the storage temperature for Frozen RBCs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the dating period of Frozen RBCs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Once Frozen RBCs are prepared what is the dating period and at what temperature must they be stored? |
|
Definition
24 hours
1 - 6 degrees Celsius |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Freezing RBCs provides extended storage for rare RBCs or autologous blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Since plasma is removed by washing, Frozen RBCs can be used for the same indications as washed RBCs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the limitations of Frozen RBCs? |
|
Definition
| No platelets, leukocytes, or plasma |
|
|
Term
| What can be a problem if washing to remove glycerol is incomplete? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One unit of RBCs will raise Hemoglobin by what amount? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do you need to check before, during, and after RBC transfusion? |
|
Definition
BP
Pulse
Temperature
Respiration |
|
|
Term
| Transfused RBCs over _____ hours with an 18 g needle if cardiovascular system is stable |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You should transfuse for no more than how many hours because you don't want bacteria to be able to grow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a transfusion reaction is to occur, when is it most likely to occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All clerical information must be checked when? |
|
Definition
| The unit is released & Before start of transfusion |
|
|
Term
| What procedure should you perform for the preparation of platelets, random and within how many hours of collection? |
|
Definition
| Double Spin within 6 hours of collection |
|
|
Term
| Volume for Platelets, random? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many platelets,random should there be for each unit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the storage temperature for platelets, random? |
|
Definition
| 20-24 degrees Celsius with Agitation |
|
|
Term
| How often should the temperature be checked on the platelets, random storage? |
|
Definition
| Constantly or every 4 hours |
|
|
Term
| What is the dating period for platelets, random? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the dating period for platelets, random after pooling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pool of how many units of platelets, random are given for adults? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Each unit of platelets, random should increase the patient's count by how much? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the limitations of platelets, random? |
|
Definition
| Platelet consumption or disease states may compromise patient's response to platelet transfusion |
|
|
Term
| Is it absolutely necessary to have platelets ABO compatible with plasma and why? |
|
Definition
| No, because there is not much plasma present |
|
|
Term
| When should you transfuse platelets? |
|
Definition
| When count is 10-20,000 / microliter |
|
|
Term
| What is the usual dosage of platelets, random and how much should the count go up by? |
|
Definition
6 units
30-60,000 / microliter (up to 80,000/uL) |
|
|
Term
| What makes platelets, apheresis different from platelets, random? |
|
Definition
| Apheresis is collected from a single donor during apheresis procedure |
|
|
Term
| What is the volume for Platelets, Apheresis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the minimum amount of platelets for each unit of Platelets, Apheresis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the storage temperature with agitation for Platelets, Apheresis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the dating period for Platelets, Apheresis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do Apheresis Platelets decrease? |
|
Definition
| Allogeneic donor exposure for patient that are needing multiple transfusions |
|
|
Term
True or False:
Platelets Apheresis will be used if patient is refractory to random platelets |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Explain what is meant when a patient is refractory to random platelets |
|
Definition
| Plt count does not go up after platelet transfusion |
|
|
Term
| What is the volume of Granulocytes, Apheresis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many granulocytes, apheresis are in each unit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the storage temperature for granulocytes, apheresis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the dating period for granulocytes, apheresis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 3-4 types of patients use Apheresis Granulocytes? |
|
Definition
Severe infections and severe neutropenia
Severe infections and unresponsive to antibiotics
Mostly for neonates |
|
|
Term
| What are the limitations of Apheresis Granulocytes? |
|
Definition
Dose may not be sufficient to be therapeutic
Potential for pulmonary reactions |
|
|
Term
| When is FFP separated from platelet-rich plasma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FFP is frozen within how many hours of collection from donor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the volume of FFP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Storage Temperature of FFP Frozen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Storage Temperature of FFP Thawed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the dating period for Frozen FFP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the dating period for Thawed FFP? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Treatment of some coagulation disorders
*Bleeding disorders when cryo or platelets not indicated |
|
|
Term
| What do you monitor FFP with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many units of FFP are typically given to one individual? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Not a concentrate
*Need a large volume to replace sufficient quantity of specific coagulation factor |
|
|
Term
| Does FFP need to be ABO compatible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Preparation of Cryoprecipitated AHF? |
|
Definition
FFP thawed at 4 degrees Celsius
Spun in refrigerated centrifuge |
|
|
Term
True or False:
The Fraction of FFP precipitating out of solution in cold is collected and refrozen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Volume of Cryoprecipitated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Storage temperature Frozen Cryo? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Storage Temperature Thawed Cryo if used for Factor VIII? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Storage Temperature Thawed Cryo if used for fibrinogen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Once Cryo has been pooled how soon must you use it? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Infectious diseases
Many units may be needed for treatment of factor deficiencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Deficiency of Factor VIII
Factor XIII
Fibrinogen
vonWillebrand's factor |
|
|
Term
| With a Deficiency of Factor VIII what tends to be used the most? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (Plasma volume x (desired level % - initial level %))/ 80 u / bag |
|
|
Term
| Hemophilia A is missing which factor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are Factors separated? |
|
Definition
Cold fractionation
Purified
Pasteurized |
|
|
Term
| How are viruses killed for Factor VIII or IX Concentrate? |
|
Definition
Pasterurization
Solvent Detergent |
|
|
Term
| Advantages of Factor VIII or IX Concentrate over Cryo? |
|
Definition
Can be given at home
No infectious disease |
|
|
Term
| How are viruses killed for Alubumin and plasma protein fraction? |
|
Definition
| Fractionated and heat treated |
|
|
Term
| What is Albumin and plasma protein fraction used for? |
|
Definition
Volume expansion
Plasma replacement in plasma exchange
Burns |
|
|
Term
| What is immune serum globulins used to treat? |
|
Definition
Decreased immunoglobulins, IgG, and disease exposure
Children following meningitis outbreak or immunocompromised patients |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
EPO
G-CSF
GM-CSF
Anemia, after bone marrow transplant |
|
|
Term
| Each full dosage of Rh immune Globulin will protect against what? |
|
Definition
| 30 mL bleed or 15mL of D+ cells |
|
|
Term
| When is Rh immune Globulin given during pregnancy to Rh negative women or after aminocentesis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Rh immune Globulin is given to mother prior to birth because Within 72 hours of delivery of an Rh+ baby the mother already has produced anti-D |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Screen for fetal maternal bleed and adjust dosage if using Kleihauer-Betke |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The following are two types of what?
Dextran
HES |
|
Definition
| Synthetic volume expanders |
|
|
Term
| What can Synthetic volume expanders cause? |
|
Definition
| Rouleaux in patient's blood |
|
|
Term
| What is Synthetic volume expanders used for? |
|
Definition
| Hemorrhagic shock or burns |
|
|
Term
| What else do you use along with Synthetic volume expanders? |
|
Definition
| Crystalloids saline or Ringers Lactate |
|
|
Term
| Composition of crystalloids saline? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Composition of Ringers Lactate? |
|
Definition
| Sodium, Chloride, Potassium, Calcium, and Lactate |
|
|
Term
| ATIII is fractionated from what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You give ATIII to ATIII deficient patients in anticipation of surgery or delivery to prevent what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match what the following is used for:
Whole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match what the following is used for:
Packed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match what the following is used for:
Washed |
|
Definition
| Allergy to plasma proteins in IgA deficiencies |
|
|
Term
Match what the following is used for:
Leuko-Depleted |
|
Definition
| Febrile from HLA or CMV risk |
|
|
Term
Match what the following is used for:
Irradiated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match what the following is used for:
Frozen, deglycerolized |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To give the unit what must be compatible? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
True or False:
Plts and WBCs are always given at RT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Factor VIII or IX Concentrate:
Pasteurized to inactivate virus and _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
