Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Blood and Lymphatic Disorders
AHN for LVN, Term 2
35
Nursing
Not Applicable
12/08/2013

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 Manifestations

of

Non- Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Definition
  • Painless, enlarged cervical lymph nodes
  • Fever
  • Susceptibility to Infection
  • Anemia
  • Fatigue
  • Weight Loss ; Anorexia
  • Pruritus
  • Malaise
Term

 

 

Medical Management

for

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Definition
  • Accurate staging of the disease
  • Radiation
  • Bone Marrow Transplant
  • Chemotherapy
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor
Term

 

 

 

Non- Hodgkin's Lyphoma

Definition

A group of malignant neoplasms of the immune system.

Cause is Unknown.

Tumors usually start in lymph nodes and spread to lymphoid tissue in the spleen, liver GI tract, and bone marrow

Term

 

 

 

Hodgkin's Disease

Definition

Inflammatory or infectious process that develops into a neoplasm

 Characterized by Reed-Sternberg Cells

Affects males twice as frequently as females

Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

Hodgkin's Disease

Definition
  • Enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes
  • Weight Loss ; Anorexia
  • Low-Grade Fever
  • Anemia
  • Pruritus
  • Night Sweats
  • Leukocytosis
Term

 

 

Medical Management

of

Hodgkin's Disease

Definition

Stage I or II (Localized)

  • Radiation

Stage III or IV (Generalized)

  • Chemotherapy
  • Combination
Term

 

 

 

Lymphedema

Definition
  • An abnormal accumulation of lymph in the soft tissue commonly caused by obstruction of lymphatic flow
  • Primary or Secondary

 

Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

Lymphedema

Definition
  • Massive edema and tightness of affected extremity that progresses toward the trunk and is aggravated by standing

 

  • Pain
Term

 

 

Medical Management

of

Lymphedema

Definition

Pharmacological Management

Term

 

 

 

Lymphangitis

Definition

Inflammation of one or more lymphatic vessels or channels

 

Usually result of acute streptococcal or staphylococcal infection in an extremity 

Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

Lymphangitis

Definition
  • Fine, Red Streaks on the affected area
  • Edema
  • Local Pain
  • Fever and Chills
  • Headache
  • Myalgia
Term

 

 

Medical Management

of

Lymphangitis

Definition
  • Penicillin
  • Moist Heat
  • Elevate Affected Extremity
Term

 

 

 

Multiple Myeloma

Definition

Also known as Plasma Cell Myeloma

A malignant neoplastic immunodeficiency disease of the bone marrow

Destroys osseous tissue, causing pain, fractures, and skeletal deformities

Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

Multiple Myeloma

Definition
  • Bone pain ; Pathological Fractures
  • Anemia
  • Renal Failure
  • Risk for Infection
  • Hypercalcemia
  • Pain with movement
  • Bleeding tendency

 

Term

 

 

Medical Management

for

Multiple Myeloma

Definition
  • Symptomatic ; Not Curable
  • IV Fluids
  • Radiation
  • Chemotherapy

Pharmacological Management

  • Corticosteroids
  • Analgesics
Term

 

 

Disseminated Intravascular

Coagulation (DIC)

Definition
A grave coagulopathy resulting from the overstimulation of clotting and anticlotting processes in response to disease or injury
Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

DIC

 

Definition
  • Bleeding generally from all orifices
  • Hemoptysis
  • Dyspnea
  • Diaphoresis with Cold, Mottled Digits
  • Purpura on the Chest and Abdomen
  • Petechiae
  • Hematuria
Term

 

 

Medical Management

of

DIC

Definition
  • Treat Underlying Cause
  • Cryoprecipitate
  • Protection from Bleeding and/or Trauma

Pharmacological Management

Term

 

 

 

von WilleBrand's Disease

 

Definition

An inherited bleeding disorder

 

Characterized by abnormally slow coagulation of blood and spontaneous episodes of GI bleeding, epistaxis, and gingival bleeding

 

Caused by a mild deficency of antihemophilic factor VIII

 

Similar to hemophilia, but not limited to males

Term

 

 

Medical Management

of

von Willebrand's

Disease

Definition
  • Cryoprecipitate containing Factor VIII
  • Fibrinogen
  • Fresh Plasma
  • Desmopressin (DDAVP)
  • Minimize bleeding - avoid trauma
  • Relieve pain (no Aspirin)
Term

 

 

 

Hemophilia

Definition

A hereditary coagulation disorder (Hemophilia A or B)

 

X-linked hereditary trait that affects males; females are

 carriers

 

Involves the absence of Factor VIII or deficiency of

Factor IX

 

Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

Hemophilia

Definition
  • Internal and External Bleeding
  • Hemarthrosis
  • Excessive blood loss from small cuts and dental procedures
  • Ecchymoses and hemorrhage from the slightest trauma

 

Term

 

 

Medical Management

of

Hemophilia

Definition
  • Minimize bleeding- avoid trauma
  • Relieve pain (no Aspirin)

Transfusions

  • Manufactured Factor VIII or IX
  • Cryoprecipitate
  • Factor VIII or IX concentrate
Term

 

 

Thrombocytopenia

Definition

An abnormal hematological condition in which the number of platelets is fewer than 150,000

Occurrs in aplastic anemia, leukemia, tumors and chemotherapy 

Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

Thrombocytopenia

 

 

Definition
  • Petechiae
  • Ecchymosis
  • Platelets below 150,000
  • Bleeding from mucous membranes
  • Signs of increased ICP
Term

 

 

Medical Management

of

Thrombocytopenia

 

Definition
  • Avoid Trauma
  • Platelet transfusion

Pharmacological Management

  • Corticosteroids
Term

 

 

 

Leukemia

Definition

A malignant disorder of the hematopoietic system in which an excess of leukocytes accumulates in the bone marrow and lymph nodes; a proliferation of cells

 

Cause unknown

 

Acute or Chronic

 

 

 

Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

Leukemia

Definition
  • Varies depending on type
  • Painless Splenomegaly
  • Oral Lesions
  • Enlarged lymph nodes
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Anemia
  • Bone pain
  • Meningeal Irritation

 

Term

 

 

Medical Management

for Leukemia

Definition
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation
  • Bone Marrow Transplant

Pharmacological Management

Term

 

 

 

Agranulocytosis

Definition

A potentially fatal condition of the blood

 

Characterized by a severe reduction in the number of granulocytes

 

Neutrophil count is less than 200/mm3

 

Causes may be neoplastic disease, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, viral/bacterial infections, or congenital

Term

 

 

Polycythemia

(Erythrocytosis)

Definition

Primary (Polycythemia Vera) - characterized by excessive bone marrow production ; a stem cell abnormality of unknown cause

 

Secondary - caused by hypoxia

Term

 

 

Manifestations

of

Polycythemia

Definition
  • Hypertension; Angina Pectoris; Heart Failure; Thrombophlebitis ( Increased blood volume and viscosity)
  • Venous Distention
  • Epistaxis; GI bleeding; petechiae
  • Elevated WBC count
  • Hepatomegaly ; Splenomegaly
  • Generalized pruritus ; Dermatologic changes
Term

 

 

Medical Management

of

Polycythemia

Definition
  • Reduce viscosity
  • Assessment of nutritional status
  • Adequate oxygenation
  • Intake and Output

Pharmacological Management

  • Myelosuppressive Agents
  • Radioactive phosphorus
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