Term
|
Definition
| double ankle fracture usually associated with ruptured ligaments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rupture above the calcaneus bone which is zone of poor blood flow, + Thompson test when plantar flexion is absent, need surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| compression of the tibial nerve as it passes under the flexor retinaculum in the ankle, + tinels sign, loss of sensation |
|
|
Term
| Fracture of the calcaneus |
|
Definition
| stress fracture due to microtrauma, CR negative for 2-3 weeks, usually thought of as plantar fasciitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Torus Fracture of the wrist |
|
Definition
| distal radius diaphysis or metaphysis fracture in children that causes a bulge or buckling of the cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pediatric partial dislocation of the elbow causing the annular ligament to slide over the head of the radius and become entrapped |
|
|
Term
| Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis |
|
Definition
| slippage of the epiphysis from the ball of the femur, occurs in kids, needs surgical pinning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adolescent problem where repetitive activity like jumping pulls at the insertion of the patellar tendon at the tibial tubercle causing pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vit D deficiency that results in rickets due to medial metaphyseal plate growth arrest causing the tibia to bow inward, brace or surgery fixes it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oblique or spiral fracture of the tibia caused by a twisting motion, difficult to detect on CR |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twisting of the tibia in uterus causing a pigeon toe walk, self-corrective by age 2, observation only |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the bursa and surrounding iliotibial band to be treated with rest, ice, and stretching |
|
|
Term
| Sacroiliac joint dysfunction |
|
Definition
| inflammation of the joint and ligament complex due to excessive movement or preggers/premenstrual woman who produces relaxin, not to be confused with sacroiliitis which is systemic, + Fabere’s sign |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fracture of the acetabulum of hip |
|
|
Term
| Posterior Hip Dislocation |
|
Definition
| dislocation of femoral head that may injure the sciatic nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| active patients causing repetitive stress on tibia, MRI is gold standard to diagnose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prolonged immobility causes joint contracture, limited ROM, treat with PT ROM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fracture of humerus seen in CR that may damage axillary or radial nerve |
|
|
Term
| Pathologic Fractures - Humerus |
|
Definition
| trivial trauma causes a fracture due to existing cysts, neoplasms, infections, Paget’s Disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| due to trauma to distal radius of elderly/osteoporotic |
|
|
Term
| Scapholunate Dissociation |
|
Definition
| most common carpal instability due to acute or chronic tear of interosseus ligaments of the scaphoid, lunate, and capitate resulting in increased flexion and pronation, leads to early degenerative arthirits, xray shows subluxation, + scaphoid shift test |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the olecranon bursa due to acute or repetitive trauma to posterior elbow, aspiration to check for infection, PRICE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| repetitive use of thumb causes inflammation of extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus tendons causing thickening of tendon sheath, Finkelsteins test diffs from OA by putting thumb in fist and ulnar deviation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammatory condition of the flexor tendon of finger where it becomes thicker, cannot extend, sometimes fingers lock, common in elderly/diabetes/RA, nodules palpable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radial dislocation from elbow, common in Monteggia fracture-dislocation where one bone is dislocated and other is fractured or dislocated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| non-displaced ulna shaft fracture due to direct blow |
|
|
Term
| Angulated Fracture Metacarpal #5 Neck |
|
Definition
| called boxer’s fracture, needs reduction and cast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hyperflexion of DIP injures extensor tendon and fractures distal phalanx |
|
|
Term
| Malignant Osteolytic Lesion of Phalanx |
|
Definition
| metastasis to the finger from carcinoma such as renal cell carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis |
|
Definition
| both bone (including cortex) and joint are involved in infection, they cross the joint which is not typical of neoplasms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| facial fracture that includes the pterygoid plates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neuropathic pain at trigeminal nerve radiating to maxilla and mandible, comes in waves, highly painful, surgery and meds are option |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| paralysis of facial muscles due to lesion of facial nerve from unknown causes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Milder pheno than DMD, x-linked recessive, genetic fitness up to 70% normal, reduced levels of dystrophin due to in-frame deletion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of inherited disorders with defect in collagen synthesis causing weak skin, joints, and CV system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| autosomal dominant disease cause gentic defect in fibrillin synthesis causing defects in skeleton, eyes, CV, long legs and fingers hyperextensible joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign tumor of fat cells, most common soft tissue tumor, never malignant; malignant tumor, arise in deep soft tissues, large and slow to metastasize |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign growth of fibrous or connective tissue; malignant growth characterized by immature proliferating fibroblasts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most common disease of the growth plate, defective paracrine signaling results in reduced chondrocyte proliferation, auto dominant on FGF receptor, 80% new/spontaneous, short arms and legs due to early growth plate fusion with normal trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brittle bone disease, acquired or inherited Deficiency in the synthesis of type 1 collagen, hearing impairment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| asymptomatic extra thick, irregular bone most commonly affecting femur, pelvis, and spine, high blood alkaline phosphotase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign, nodular growth of fibrous and bone tissue that affects growing bones in adolenscent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign epiphyseal tumor of adults, CR shows translucent mass, histology shows sea of osteoclast-type giant cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extreme motion causing pain from ligaments, tendons, muscle, must rule out other pathologies like fracture or disc herniation with imaging |
|
|
Term
| Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease - OA |
|
Definition
| condition of aging modified by infection, obesity, trauma, causing weakened annulus fibrosus and decreased water content of nucleus pulposus, imaged with CR and MRI, PT and NSAIDs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| C2 fracture from trauma, must immoblize to prevent further injury to spinal cord, surgical fixation may be required |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| injury to muscle or ligament due to overuse or incorrect exertion, loss of lordosis, PT |
|
|
Term
| Lumbar Compression fracture |
|
Definition
| most common in osteporotic women, elderly, trauma, long-term steroid medications, often in the thoracolumbar junction, kyphotic deformity seen |
|
|
Term
| Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis |
|
Definition
| pars fracture; slippage of vertebral body on top of another one, Tx involves brace and PT, possible surgical fusion, step off deformity noted in lower back |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common site of involvement is vertebral body and pedicles due to their high vascularity, 60-80% of meta go there |
|
|
Term
| Lumbar Spinal instability |
|
Definition
| excessive ligament movement occurs when spine alignment is displaced due to OA, trauma, congential pars defect |
|
|
Term
| Intrasellar Mass (Acromegaly) |
|
Definition
| growth hormone producing pituitary tumor causes abnormal sella turcica seen in CR, gives headaches |
|
|
Term
| Hyperflexion Teardrop Fracture - Dislocation |
|
Definition
| severe cervical flexion force causes distraction of spinous processes in vertebra, teardrop bone piece, body is posteriorly displaced, completely unstable and little chance of neuro improvement |
|
|
Term
| Extension teardrop Injury |
|
Definition
| hyperextension of cervical vertebra, not stable, less evere than hyperflexion, most common site C2, NO posterior distraction |
|
|
Term
| Vertebral Axial Load Burst Fracture |
|
Definition
| vertebral body explodes due to inferior trauma displacing into tissue and spinal canal |
|
|
Term
| Jefferson Axial Load Burst C1 fracture |
|
Definition
| burst fracture due to trauma to the head |
|
|
