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Bleeding
Chapter 23
24
Medical
Undergraduate 1
07/13/2015

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Term
Aorta
Definition
The main artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body
Term
Arterioles
Definition
The smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries
Term
Artery
Definition
A blood vessel consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth muscle that carries blood away from the heart
Term
Capillaries
Definition
Small blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules
Various substances pass through the capillary walls, into and out of the interstitial fluid, and then on to the cells
Term
Coagulation
Definition
The formation of clots to plug openings in injured blood vessels and stop blood flow
Term
Contusion
Definition
A bruise or ecchymosis
Term
Ecchymosis
Definition
Discoloration of the skin associated with a closed wound
bruising
Term
Epistaxis
Definition
Nosebleed
Term
Hematemesis
Definition
Vomited blood
Term
Hematoma
Definition
A mass of blood in the soft tissues beneath the skin
Term
Hemophilia
Definition
A congenital condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the blood's normal clotting factors
Term
Hemoptysis
Definition
Coughing up blood
Term
Hemorrhage
Definition
Bleeding
Term
Hypoperfusion
Definition
A condition that occurs when the level of tissue perfusion decreases below that needed to maintain normal cellular functions
Also called shock
Term
Hypovolemic Shock
Definition
A condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss of body water, results in inadequate perfusion
Term
Melena
Definition
Black, foul-smelling, tarry stool containing digested blood
Term
Perfusion
Definition
Circulation of blood in an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the current needs of the cells
Term
Pressure Point
Definition
A point where a blood vessel lies near a bone
Term
Shock
Definition
A condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation so that every body part can perform its function
Also called hypoperfusion
Term
Tourniquet
Definition
Bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure and elevation
Useful if a patient is bleeding severely from a partial or complete amputation
Term
Vasoconstriction
Definition
Narrowing of a blood vessel, such as with hypoperfusion or cold extremities
Term
Veins
Definition
The blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart
Term
Venules
Definition
Very small, thin-walled vessels
Term
Signs and Symptoms of Hypovolemic Shock
Definition
Rapid, weak pulse
Low BP (late sign)
AMS
Coll, clammy skin
Cyanosis
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