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Bladder/Ureters
Diagnostic Medical Sonography
46
Medical
Not Applicable
11/03/2011

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Cards

Term
retroperitoneal cavity
Definition
the ureters are located in the ? cavity
Term
anterior
Definition
the ureters course along the ? surface of the psoas muscle along the medial side
Term
6
Definition
the ureters are approx ? mm in diameter
Term
anterior
Definition
in the bladder the ureters are ? to the iliac vessels
Term
1. UPJ
2. as the ureters cross over the pelvic brim
3. junction into the bladder
Definition
what are the three places for obstruction to occur
Term
Eagle-Barrett syndrome
Definition
prune belly syndrome is also known as
Term
megaureter in childhood
Definition
all of the following cause : prune belly syndrome, deficiency of the abdominal musculature, and urinary tract abnormalities (large hypotonic bladder, undescended testes, hydroureter), and retroperitoneal fibrosis
Term
secondary megaureter
Definition
this condition is caused by reflux or obstruction
Term
posterior
Definition
the urinary bladder is a thin walled triagular structure that is located directly ? to the pubic bone
Term
fetal urachus
Definition
the bladder is connected to the umbilicus by the meadian umbilical ligament -- a reminant of the ??
Term
area of the bladder between the neck and the apex
Definition
what is the bladder trigone?
Term
2 ureter holes and one urethra hole
Definition
what makes up the trigone
Term
3-6mm thick
Definition
the bladder wall is a thin, smooth, echogenic line that measures btw ? and ? mm
Term
500 m/L
Definition
the noraml bladder volume can reach about ? m/L
Term
confluence of several small abscesses
Definition
what is a renal carbuncle
Term
abscess (renal carbuncle)
Definition
at 22 year old pt presents with flank pain, high WBCC, fever, thick bladder walls, what is the best differential?
Term
hematoma
Definition
a 45 year old female presents with a drop in hematocrit, with irregular thick walls, what is the best differential?
Term
urinoma
Definition
a 30 year old female presents with an encapsulated collection of urine, anechoic with a few low level echoes, what is the best differential
Term
lymphocele
Definition
a 19 year old female presents with a collection of lymphatic fluid, anechoic, what is the best differential?
Term
posterior urethral valves (PUV)
Definition
most common cause of urinary obstruction in the male infant
Term
PUV
Definition
second most common cause of hydronephrosis in the neonate
Term
PUV
Definition
a 6 month old boy presents with decreased urine output with severe renal failure, thickened bladder wall, bladder has key hole appearance
Term
PUV
Definition
older male infant patient presents with decreased urine output, dysuria, and UTI's, dilation of the proximal portion of the urethra, hydronephrosis
Term
PUV
Definition
a flap of mucosal tissue covers the opening in the area of the prostatic urethra, causing a urinary outlet obstruction
Term
ureterocele
Definition
a cystic dilation of the distal portion of the ureter with narrowing of the ureteric orifice; can be either congenital or acquired
Term
uterocele
Definition
a 28 yr old male is asymptomatic -- on ultrasound small cysts are found; there is obstruction and infection of the lower urinary tract, an anechoic thin walled structure projecting into the bladder
Term
urachus
Definition
the ? connects the apex of the bladder to the allantois (embryological structure with no function after birth) through the unbilical cord
Term
space of retzius
Definition
where does the urachus lie if it doesnt fuse at birth?
Term
anterior
Definition
the space of retzius is ? to the bladder
Term
urachial cyst
Definition
a 22 yr old male presents with vague abdominal pain and urinary complications -- upon evaluation an infection was found
Term
urachal cyst
Definition
upon an ultrasound exam, an anechoic tubular structure in the lower mid abdominal anterior wall was seen to extend from the umbilicus to the bladder
Term
diverticula of the bladder
Definition
pouchlike envaginations of the bladder wall -- constitute a site of urinary stasis that tends to become infected
Term
diverticula of the bladder
Definition
an ultrasound was performed and a round, well defined, thin walled cystic mass was seen, after the patient voided it was gone
Term
reduplication
Definition
unilateral relfex, obstruction, or infection
Term
reduplication
Definition
on us two bladders were visualized separated by a peritoneal fold with two urethras and two external openings
Term
vesicoureteral reflux
Definition
common urinary tract abnormality in children secondary to anomalies
Term
relux
Definition
may be a cause of chronic renal failure with scarring and atrophic changes in the kidney
Term
neck
Definition
the lower portion of the bladder that is continuous with the urethra is called the ?
Term
bladder neck obstruction
Definition
in males, what is secondary to benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) or carcinoma -- prolonged obstruction will cause the bladder wall to be thickened
Term
bladder neck obstruction
Definition
a 19 year old male shows a thickend and irregular bladder wall on ultrasound with a history of BPH, what is the most common differential
Term
cystitis
Definition
infection or inflammation of the bladder -- more common in females due to shorter urethra
Term
cystitis
Definition
? is secondary to diverticula, pregnancy, urethral obstruction, bladder calculi, trauma
Term
cystitis
Definition
in case of long-standing, the bladder wall becomes inflamed and thick
Term
transitional cell carcinoma (TCC)
Definition
95% of primary malignant tumors are ?
Term
primary malignant tumor
Definition
patient presents with hematura, urination frequently, and dysuria -- mets were seen to prostate
Term
primary malignant tumor
Definition
solid tumors are seen projecting from the bladder wall, outflow obstuction and hydronephrosis need to be evaluated
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