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Birds - Week 06
LBB's: Passeriformes (sparrows, finches, grosbeaks
27
Biology
Undergraduate 3
02/27/2009

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Eastern Towhee:

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Larger of sparrows (smaller than robin), top half is black, black back, white underside, rufious flanks, white tail sides (like dark-eyed junco), white patch on primaries, red eye

 

Call: "towhee-hehehe" first part low, gets higher, "drink your teeeeee, towhee" 

Definition
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Term

American Tree Sparrow:

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Beak is two toned (upper man. black, bottom yellow), underside is all grey, central black spot on chest, grey face, rufious crown stripe, rufious eye stripe, two white wing bars, migratory: see for a few weeks in spring, 

 

Hop on ground but flush into trees

 

No Call

Definition
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Term

Chipping Sparrow:

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One of smallest & most common (urban and rural), more solitary, plain grey underside, bright rufious cap boardered by white stripe, black eye stripe (head is very contrasty), small dark beak, two white wing bars, /\-shaped tail

 

Call: similar to dark-eyed junco, very fast & high pitched, hang out on bushes and sing

Definition
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Term

Clay-colored Sparrow:

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More rare, solitary, ~chipping sparrow, plain grey underside, white mustacial stripe, white eyebrow stripe, tan cheeks, back of neck is grey,  one central white crown stripe, brown lateral crown stripes with black streaks

 

Hang out on bushes and sing 

 

Call: insect-like, buzzy 

Definition
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Term

Field Sparrow:

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Solitary, common in open areas, plain underside, pink beak, white ring around eye, ~chipping sparrow, no striping on head, rufious cap & grey eyebrow & rufious cheek but it's all washed out, brown & black streaks on back, pink legs,

 

Call: accelerating trill, sounds like bouncing a ping-pong ball on a table, hang out on bushes and sing

Definition
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Term

Vesper Sparrow:

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Rare, open areas, white eyering, light colored beak, back is brown & black streaks, no real wingbars, flanks & underside has faint streaks, dark cheek patch boardered in white (v-shape), may have chesnut colored patch on wing, white outter tail feather

 

Call: two to four long, clear notes, followed by musical slurs and trills.

Definition
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Term

Lark Sparrow:

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Rare in Madison, plain colored underneath with central black dot on chest, long tail, white outter tail feathers, walks (not hops) on the ground

 

Head: white central crown stripe, rufious lateral crown stripes, rufious cheek, black mustacial stripe boardered by white

 

No call

Definition
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Term

Savannah Sparrow:

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Brown & black streaks on back, white belly, streaked belly & flanks, notched tail (/\-shaped), pink legs

 

Head: white median crown stripe, brown lateral crown stripe, pale/yellow eyebrow stripe, white malar stripes boardered by black

 

Call: short chips, buzzing, and last note is always descending (lower in pitch)

Definition
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Term

Grasshopper Sparrow:

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Rare, stocky, short tail & neck, no forhead -- beak extends flat to head, pale median crown stripe, pale white eyering, dark orange/yellow spot between eye and beak base, plain buffy breast

 

Call: two staccato notes followed by a long, insect-like (grasshopper) buzz

Definition
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Term

Fox Sparrow:

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Larger (~towhee), reddish streaks on chest and back, white underside with red streaks that converge to central spot,  tail & rump are red - no streaking, migratory

 

Head: a rufous cap, and a gray face, grey stripe around back of neck, slightly two-toned beak

 

No call

Definition
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Term

Song Sparrow:

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Most common, streaked breast & flanks that converge, plain belly, flick tail in flight, often on cattails or reeds

 

Head: dark brown lateral crown stripe, grey eyebrow stripe, dark stripe through eye, white throat patch boardered by dark submalar stripe


Call: [be familiar with] "swing-swing-twee-trillll-buzzz"

Definition
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Term

Lincoln's Sparrow:

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Smaller (~chipping), underside streaked converging to central spot, streaks are sharp -- not blurry, white belly under buffy breast, like Song Sparrow but looks neater/cleaner

 

Head: black mustacial stripes, pale median crown stripe, rufious lateral crown stipe, dark eye stripe

 

No call

Definition
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Term

Swamp Sparrow:

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Big rufious patch on wings, plain grey underside, common around wetlands

 

Head: bright rufious crown, grey median crown stripe, white throat

 

Call: simple slow trill of 2+ pitches sung at the same time 

Definition
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Term

White-throated Sparrow:

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Head: white throat (very distinct), very thick white/grey median crown stripe boardered by thick black/brown lateral crown stripes, grey eyebrow stripes, black eye stripes, yellow spot inbetween beak & eye

 

Grey underside, only faint streaking (if any), common here

 

 Call: five or so slow whistles that changes pitch once, "Oh-Canada-sweet-Canada-Canada-Canada"

Definition
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Term

White-crowned Sparrow:

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Distinct Head: always black & white head stripes, grey head & body, no white throat, pink beak

 

Grey underside -- no barring, brown back, two white wing bars

 

No call

Definition
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Term

Dark-eyed Junco:

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Sparrow family (so jump on ground), winter only, light pink bill with dark grey body, white belly, spread tail feathers when flying - outter tail feathers white, inner ones dark

 

Call: rapid, high-pitched trill, star wars

Definition
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Term

Lapland Longspur:

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Winter species, only in open areas, will only see winter plumage here

 

Summer: bright yellow beak, reverse white "7"black head, back of neck is rufious, plain grey underside, brown/blackish back [know summer for disc exam] from eye to breast,

Definition
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Term

Rose-breasted Grosbeak:

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Here in April, huge beak, not on ground much

 

M: all black, two white spots on wing, v-shaped red on breast, white underside

 

F: plain brown (but massive beak), clean white eyebrow stripe

 

Call: like robin with singing lessons, lower and slightly slower -- opera singer robin

 

Definition
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Term

Dickcissel:

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Rare, wings are plain chesnut (no stripes), yellow underside,

 

Head: white throat, black v-shaped inbetween throat & breast, yellow eyebrow stripe, grey top of head, grey cheek, massive beak, ~towhee, not much forhead

 

Call: "dick-dick-cissel-cissel-cissel"

Definition
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Term

Purple Finch:

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Looks like house finch, rose coloration all over, bright rose rump, strongly notched tail, sparrow dipped in raspberry juice, dark eye stripe

 

Call: continuous warbling (goes on forever)

Definition
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Term

House Finch:

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Rose on head & breast (not belly or rump), brown rump, shades of brown, intensity of rose coloration depends on rank of male, coloration can be red/orange/yellow, brownish cap, grey eyestripe,  notched tail, more streaking all over

 

Call: a hoarse warble that goes up and down rapidly

Definition
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Term

House Sparrow:

[image]  [image]

 

M: grey cap, black around eye, dark red back of neck, white cheeks and at base of neck, black throat with black bib, dark reddish back

 

F: dark brown back, light brown front, dark eyestripe

 

Grey underside, no streaks, stocky with thick bill, nearly always stays near people and their buildings

 

Call: slightly metallic "cheep-chirrup, cheap-chirrup"

Definition
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Term

American Goldfinch:

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Winter plumage: pale yellow throat, buffy head and back, black at top of beak, white belly and rump, buffy flanks, black wings with large white wingbar

 

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Breeding plumage: bright yellow, black front of head, white undertail, black wings with large white wingbar

 

Call: "per-chic-o-ree" with twittering and warbling notes

Definition
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Term

Indigo Bunting:

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Bright blue, short thick bill

 

Call: musical series of warbling notes, each phrase given in twos, "see-see, zeet-zeet, chit-chit, seeit-seetz"

Definition
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Term

Nothern Cardinal:

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<Blue Jay, conical bill, crest is distinctive

 

M: all red with black mask, orange bill

F: less red

 

Call: cheer-cheer-what-what-what-what-what?

(also purdy, purdy, purdy)

Definition
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Term

Pine Siskin:

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Winter only, pale brown, dark brown streaks all over (looks like a wet dog), yellow bars on primary flight feathers & coverts, short finch-like beak

 

Call: fingernail going over comb, ascending

Definition
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Term

Snow Bunting:

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 Mostly white - white underside, white wing patches, white outter tail feathers, brown/black back, dark wings & wingtips, black legs

 

Definition
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