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BioTest2
Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell
20
Biology
Undergraduate 1
10/11/2010

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Term
Found in plant cells only
Store water and other chemicals that the plant needs
Also where waste goes
Very big- takes up majority of volume in cells
Definition
Central Vacuole
Term
control center of cell. Well defined nucleus- double layer of membrane around outside, with pores around and on it.
Definition
Nucleus
Term
the double layer of membrane in nucleus
Definition
nuclear envelope
Term
liquid inside of nucleus- very similar to cytoplasm
Definition
Nucleoplasm
Term
where information exists in the form chromatin (scattered genetic material) in nucleus of cell
Definition
DNA
Term
dark stain structure in nucleus- manufacturing sites makes components of ribosomes.
Definition
Nucleolus
Term
sites of protein synthesis-where proteins are made
Definition
Ribosomes
Term
big, folded membrane found inside of cytoplasm
Definition
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Term
Compartmentalizes cytoplasm so that it can serve different functions.
Definition
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Term
Serves as a distribution channel or internal delivery system
Definition
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Term
covered in ribosomes, associated with manufacturing of proteins to make more membrance
Definition
Rough ER
Term
No ribosomes on these parts, makes lipid materials (ex: steroids, fatty acids, etc)
Definition
Smooth ER
Term
appears as stacks of flattened vesicles.
1. Works closely with E.R.
2. Receives, refines, stores, and distributes the products of cells
Definition
Golgi Apparatus
Term
sacs of hydrolytic enzymes (digestive).
-Only found in animal cells.
-Produced by the golgi.
-Breaks down polysaccharides and molecules, etc.
Definition
Lysosomes
Term
contains green pigment called chlorophyll, site of photosynthesis which is the conversion of light and energy. Found in plants only, made of 2 membranes.
Definition
Chloroplast
Term
Fluid in chloroplasts.
Definition
Stroma
Term
powerhouse of cell. Produces energy in the form of ATP (process is called cellular respiration). Found in both animal and plant cells.
Definition
Mitochondria
Term
composed of protein fibers. Found in both plant and animal cells.
Provides internal support
Nucleus is usually held in one place by its attachment to the cytoskeleton
Chloroplasts use it as a transportation monorail system (moves towards light)
Definition
Cytoskeleton
Term
Tiny little legs, very fast. Don’t always move cells from place to place. Ex: Found in lungs and fallopian tubes, draws egg into tubes.
Definition
Cilia
Term
Long arm. Only used for locomotion. Ex: sperm are flagellated.
Definition
Flagella
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