Term
|
Definition
| the manipulation of organisms or their components to make useful products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DNA molecules formed by combining DNA segments from two different sources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small circular DNA molecules in bacteria that replicate separately from the bacterial chromosomes used in cloning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| each bacterial restriction enzyme has a specific place it cuts the DNA |
|
|
Term
| Various applications for cloning DNA |
|
Definition
| creating human growth hormone, proteins to dissolve blood clots, genes for pest resistance in plants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pieces of DNA of varying lengths that was cut off using the restriction enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| enzymes that make reformed DNA segments permanent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| single stranded end of restriction fragments that binds to complementary fragments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Isolate gene and plasmid,cut with same restriction enzyme, mix together to create recombiant DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the collection of recombinant clones produced from DNA fragments of an entire genome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| library that representsa part of the genome that is a complementary clone made by reverse transcriptase |
|
|
Term
| Polymerase Chain Reaction |
|
Definition
| Three step cloning process that includes heating, cooling and replicating DNA |
|
|
Term
| 3 PCR Cycles yields how many molecules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA cloning allows researchers to |
|
Definition
| compare genes/alleles, locate gene expression, determine role of gene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uses gel to separate proteins and nucleic acids by size and electrical charge, a current is applied that moves DNA through gel by size |
|
|
Term
| Restriction Fragment Analysis |
|
Definition
| Uses restriction fragments in gel electrophorisis to compare two different DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms |
|
|
Term
| DNA sequencing using dideoxy chain termination method |
|
Definition
| DNA fragments copied with a stopper insterted at random points which idenifies the nucleic acid so the a computer can analzye and record it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| variations in the number of repeats of specific DNA sequences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cells in plants that are required for plant cloning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| required for animal cloning, move nucleus from donor cell to host cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unspecialized cell that can reproduce itself indefinetely |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cell able to differeniate into many different cell types, example: embryonic stem cells |
|
|
Term
| iPS cells (induced pluripotent cells) |
|
Definition
| skin cells transformed into pluripotent cells using viruses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| altering an afflicted persons genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| animals made from introducing genes from one animal into another animals genome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| genetically engineered crops |
|
|
