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| Bacteria that live in extreme environments |
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| First discovered cells. Gave them the name cells. |
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2 Strands
Run in opposite directions (anti-parallel)
Double Helix |
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Found in cells
Contain powerful digestive enzymes
When they burst, they destroy the cell |
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| Found inside nucleus. Where ribosomes are made. |
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Definition
Use beams of electrons
Magnify up to 100,000x |
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All living things are composed of cells
All cells come from other cells |
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Type used in class
Magnifies up to 1000x |
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| DNA that has been formed artificially by combining DNA from different organisms. |
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Definition
| To make an identical copy |
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| Chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria or yeast |
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| The process whereby organisms better adapted to the environment tend to survive and produce more offspring |
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| Located on an enzyme. Where the enzymes makes contact with a substance. |
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| The exploitation of biological processes for industrial and other purposes |
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| 3 Ways to raise genetic variation in bacteria |
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Definition
1. Transformation
2. Conjugation
3. Transduction |
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| Process where bacteria cells absorb DNA from their environment to promote genetic variation. |
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| Bacteria exchange genetic info. Pretty much bacteria sex. |
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| When genetic material is transferred between bacteria using a virus |
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| How bacteria reproduce, asexual, rapid, does not allow for mutation |
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Adheres to a surface
Conjugation (Bacteria Sex) |
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Definition
Found on bacteria
Long tail allows bacteria to move |
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Definition
No nucleus
No membrane bound organelles
Must have DNA + Ribosomes |
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Term
| What is the charge on DNA? |
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Definition
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Definition
| Separate and visualize DNA based on size |
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Term
| Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) |
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Definition
| Technique to copy pieces of DNA |
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| Process of inserting foreign DNA into bacteria |
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| Viruses that infect bacteria |
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| Protein loses its shape. When the shape changes it can't function |
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| Speed up reactions in the body |
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| Varients of testosterone. Build up muscle and bone mass. |
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| Lipids arranged in a 4-ring structure |
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Fats
Phospholipids
Steroids |
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| Table sugar. Made by putting glucose and fructose together. |
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| Function of monosaccharids |
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Definition
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| Composed of many smaller units |
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| Proteins: job is to speed up reactions |
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| Adding H2O to seperate molecules |
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| Removing H20 to put molecules together |
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