Term
| What are those two groups that Biostats is divided in? |
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Definition
1. Descriptive
2. Inferential |
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Term
| What are the measures of central tendency? |
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Definition
| The Mean, The Median and The Mode |
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Term
It is the most frequently value occurring in a dataset:
A. Median
B. Mean
C. Mode |
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Definition
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Term
What is called the middle value in a ordered list of values from the smallest to the largest?
A. Mean
B. Mode
c. Median |
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Definition
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Term
| Inferential statistics allows to make general assumptions about a population. TRUE or FALSE? |
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Definition
| True: with Inferential Biostatistics you take data from samples of objects from a population and make generalizations about a larger population of subjects. |
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Term
| Inferential Biostatistics are NOT good for comparing treatment drugs. TRUE or FALSE? |
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Definition
| FALSE: Inferential Biostatistics are used to compare differences between treatment groups. |
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Term
| Significancy of a sample are composed by the characteristics of a sample that best describe a population. TRUE or FALSE? |
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Definition
| TRUE: it is essential that the sample is significative to accurately predict the population. |
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Term
| What does the Gaussian Curve show? |
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Definition
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Term
| When we say that a probability distribution is symmetric about the mean we are referring to: |
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Definition
| NORMAL DISTRIBUTION or GAUSSIAN CURVE (Bell curve) |
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Term
| The Central Limit Theorem states that if you have a population with a MEAN and a STANDARD DEVIATION and take suffiCIently large samples from the population WITH REPLACEMENT, then the distribution of the SAMPLE MEAN will be approximately normally distributed. TRUE or FALSE? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the proportion of a population/sample between the MEAN and a +1SD? |
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Definition
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Term
In a normal distribution, a percentile 50 matches with:
A. MEAN
B. MEDIAN
C. BOTH
D. NONE |
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Definition
| "C: BOTH" In a normal distribution, the mean, median, and mode all have a corresponding z-score of 0 and are the 50th percentile. |
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Term
| in an asymmetrical distribution, where is the tail located when is positive skewed? |
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Definition
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Term
| Starting from left to right, what is the other of the central tendency measurements when it is a negative skewed distribution? |
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Definition
| From left to right: MEAN , MEDIAN and MODE |
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Term
| What the order (from left to right) of the Median, Mode and Mean when the values al positive skewed? |
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Definition
| MODE, then MEDIAN and finally the MEAN |
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Term
| What's the lowest value in a positive skewed distribution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the lowest value in a negative skewed distribution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the hightest value in a positive skewed distribution? |
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Definition
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Term
What's best definition for the following:
μ > M > Mode
a. Symetrical distribution
b. Positive skewed
c. Negative skewed |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for Leptokurtosis? |
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Definition
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Term
In a distribution with positive Kurtosis:
A) Heavier tails than normal distribution
B) Weaker tails than normal distribution
C) Same tails as normal distribution
D) There are more values in the tails than in normal distribution
E) A + D
F) B + D
G) NONE OF ABOVE |
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Definition
| "E" Positive Kurtosis has heavier tails and so more values in the tails than in a Normal Distribution |
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Term
| Leptokurstosis has more data in the tails than in the normal distribution: true or false |
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Definition
| TRUE: It has a heavier tail:more datas in the tails. This causes HIGH PEAKS. |
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Term
Positive Kurtosis tend to have heavy outliers. When can you say it is a positive kurtosis?
A. Kurtosis is =1
B. Kurtosis is < 3
c. Kurtosis is > 1
d. Kurtosis is > 3
e. Kurtosis is > 0 |
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Definition
D:
Image result for pOSITIVE KURTOSIS HIGH PEAKS
If the kurtosis is greater than 3, then the dataset has heavier tails than a normal distribution (more in the tails). |
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Term
| How do you interpretate when a Kurtosis value is less than 3? |
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Definition
| That the dataset has lighter tails thus the it is normally distributed. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How do you call when you have a dataseet with an excess of extreme values and so your distribution is flatter than the normal distribution? |
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Definition
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Term
What type of variable is the Blood Type?
A. NOMINAL
B. ORDINAL
C. CONTINIOUS |
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Definition
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Term
ORAL HYGIENE INDEX is a a variable type:
1. Discrete
2. NOMINAL
3. ORDINAL |
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Definition
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Term
AGE is a variable type:
A. Ordinal
B. Nominal
C. Continuos
D. Discrete |
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Definition
| A/B : age could be both nominal or ordinal |
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Term
Satisfaction Level is a variable type:
A. Ordinal
B. Nominal
C. Continuos |
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Definition
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Term
| Years of Education is a variable type: A. Ordinal B. Nominal c. continuos |
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Definition
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Term
In count or discrete variable: there is no decimal numbers (1.15, 2.50, etc)
¿TRUE OR FALSE? |
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Definition
| TRUE: only whole numbers are included, starting from 0 to INFINITE. |
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Term
Number of cavities in an oral cavity:
A) NOMINAL
B) CONTINUOS
C) ORDINAL
D) NONE OF ABOVE |
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Definition
| D) NONE OF ABOVE: The answer is DISCRETE because you count cavities from 0 |
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Term
LEVELS of CHOLESTEROL in BLOOD:
A) Nominal
B) Discrete
C) Continuos
D) Ordinal |
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Definition
| C) CONTINUOS (if it has numbers) or D) (if you clasify them as high - medium - low) |
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Term
A Parameter is associated with:
A) SAMPLE
B) POPULATION |
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Definition
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Term
A Statistic is associated with:
A) SAMPLE
B) POPULATION |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the Normal Distribution equation |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION equation |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the formula of how to find µ |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the formula of σ (Population Standard Deviation) |
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Definition
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Term
| Write the formula to find "Z" |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula to find the Median? |
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Definition
| Median = N + 1 / 2 . The result is the order of the value arranged in increasing order. |
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Term
| Write the formula to find the variance in POPULATION and in SAMPLE. |
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Definition
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Term
| Write three symbols of population parameters and tell if they all are measured in the same units. |
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Definition
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Term
A numerical measure computed from a sample, such as sample mean, is known as a
a.population parameter
b.sample parameter
c.sample statistic
d.population mean |
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Definition
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Term
A numerical measure, such as a mean, computed from a population is known as a
a.population parameter
b.sample parameter
c.sample statistic
d.sample mean |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following descriptive statistics is not measured in the same units as the data?
a.35th percentile
b.standard deviation
c.variance
d.interquartile range |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you obtain the sample to obtain external validity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two properties that sample size influences on? |
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Definition
1. The power of the study to draw conclusions
2. The precisions of the estimates |
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Term
| What does random sampling ensure? |
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Definition
| Random sampling ensures external validity . Less bias. |
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Term
| The sample mean is an unbiased estimator of the population mean. TRUE or FALSE |
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Definition
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Term
| The sample range is an unbiased estimator of the population range. TRUE OR FALSE? |
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Definition
| FALSE: Range is ALWAYS BIASED |
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Term
| If I have a dataset of 7 values, how do I find the median? |
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Definition
| 7+1 / 2 = THE FOURTH VALUE of the data set is the median. |
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Term
| The estimated precision of the sample mean increases with ___________ |
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Definition
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Term
| CAN YOU CALCULATE THE GEOMETRIC MEAN WHEN AN OBSERVATION INCLUDES 0 (ZERO)? |
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Definition
| NO: You can only calculate geometric mean when the values of the observations are greater than zero. |
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Term
| When are the geometric and arithmetic mean the same? |
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Definition
| They will only be equal when the variance is ZERO. |
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Term
| What do you use to remove positive skew? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to the geometric mean when you use LOG TRANSFORMATION DATA to remove positive skewness? |
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Definition
| The gemoetric mean INCREASES. |
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Term
| Is random sampling sufficient to ensure external validity? |
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Definition
| NO: Because some subjects may decline to participate |
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Term
| Name 4 SAMPLE MEASURES of spread (dispersion) |
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Definition
1. Standard Deviation
2. Variance
3. Ranges
4. Interquartile ranges |
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Term
| When do you use the geometric mean? |
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Definition
| When the data values are expressed in RATIOS or in PERCENTAGES |
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Term
| The sample variance is unbiased: TRUE or FALSE? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you calculate a QUARTILE when n is ODD? |
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Definition
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Term
| How to calculate q quartile range when n is even? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the equation to find a MEDIA? |
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Definition
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