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Biopsych Final
N/A
56
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
12/09/2013

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Cards

Term
Which cells in the nervous system are those that transmit information and which are supporting cells
Definition
neurons and glia
Term
What are the short outgrowths of dendrites called?
Definition
dendritic spines
Term
What is myelin sheath and where is it found
Definition
insulating material on axons that speeds up transmission)
Term
Where are NTs released from in the Neuron
Definition
presynaptic terminal buttons
Term
What is the resting potential
Definition
the difference in voltage between inside and outside f the cell, -70
Term
What is the threshold
Definition
-60
Term
What does depolarization do to the cell?
Definition
makes it less negative, which excites it
Term
What does hyperpolarization do to the cell
Definition
makes it more negative, which inhibits it
Term
What is an agonist
Definition
mimics or increases the effects of a NT
Term
What is an antagonist
Definition
blocks the effects of a NT
Term
Where is K usually found in a neuron?
Definition
Inside
Term
Where is Na usually found in a neuron?
Definition
Outside
Term
What type of drug BLOCKS the effects of a NT?
Definition
antagonist
Term
What type of drug potentiates the effects of a NT?
Definition
agonist
Term
What are the mechanisms by which NT is cleared from the synapse?
Definition
reuptake and degradation
Term
What are the 2 divisions of the nervous system?
Definition
CNS and PNS
Term
What are the components of the CNS?
Definition
brain and spinal cord
Term
What are the components of the PNS
Definition
autonomic and somatic
Term
What are the components of the Autonomic NS?
Definition
sympathetic and parasympathetic
Term
What is a sulcus and what is a gyrus
Definition
inner part of a fold or dip and then a bump or protruberance
Term
What does the Bell-Magendie law state
Definition
dorsal roots of spinal cord are sensory and ventral roots are motor
Term
What is the fight or flight NS and what does it do?
Definition
sympathetic, increases heart rate, resp rate, etc
Term
Name 3 parts of the hindbrain.
Definition
medulla, pons, cerebellum
Term
What is important for motivation, emotion, and memory?
Definition
limbic system
Term
Impairment of feeding, fighting, fleeing, and mating results from damage to what forebrain structure
Definition
hypothalamus
Term
Name the 3 slices of the brain and how you would make them
Definition
horizontal, sagittal, and coronal
Term
What is CSF and where is it found
Definition
cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles
Term
What lobe of the brain is imp for visual info
Definition
occipital
Term
What lobe is imp for auditory info
Definition
temporal
Term
What lobe is imp for personality
Definition
frontal
Term
Compared to adults, how many neurons do newborns and fetuses have?
Definition
many more!
Term
What causes phantom limb sensation?
Definition
reorganization of cortical map
Term
When is it easier to recover from brain damage?
Definition
when you are younger, but you CAN throughout life
Term
What are symptoms of FAS?
Definition
decreased alertness, mental retardation, hyperactivity, heart defects, and abnormal facial features
Term
A stroke (CVA) in which an artery ruptures is aka what?
Definition
hemorrhage
Term
What is transduction?(
Definition
the process of converting physical energy into neural energy
Term
What are the two types of receptors in the retina
Definition
ROD CELLS: mainly for night vision
CONE CELLS: detects colors
Term
What photoreceptors are important for color and which for seeing in dim light
Definition
cones and rods
Term
Small receptive fields are carried along __________ pathways, and large are carried along what?
Definition
parvocellular and magnocellular
Term
What are the three types of cells in the PVC?
Definition
simple, complex, and hypercomplex
Term
What are papillae and what are found IN them?
Definition
bumps on tongue, taste buds
Term
What is the corpus callosum and of what is it composed?
Definition
axons, connects hemispheres
Term
Where is language specialized in most humans?
Definition
Left Hemisphere
Term
For a split brain patient to name something, it must appear where?
Definition
in the right visual field
Term
Where is Broca’s area located, and what happens if it is damaged?
Definition
left frontal, and speaking
Term
Where is Wernicke’s area and what happens if it is damaged
Definition
left temporal, and comprehension
Term
How do MAOIs work and what is a drawback to using them?
Definition
blocks breakdown of CATS, cheese effect
Term
How do tricyclics work
Definition
prevent reuptake of CATS
Term
How are 2nd generation (atypical) antidepressants different from tricyclics
Definition
block reuptake of 5HT only, not rest of CATs
Term
What is fluoxetine and why is it popular?
Definition
prozac, fewer side effects
Term
What is bipolar disorder
Definition
fluctuation between mania and depression
Term
What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia
Definition
lack of … emotions, interaction, speech
Term
What are positive symptoms of schiz, and their definitions
Definition
hallucinations and delusions
Term
What is used to treat mania (or manic part of bipolar)
Definition
lithium
Term
What is used to treat pos. symptoms of schiz?
Definition
thorazine(chlorpromazine), halperidol(haldol)]
Term
What is used to treat mostly neg symptoms of schiz, but some pos as well, but exspensive
Definition
risperidone, risperdal, chlozapine (Clozaril
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