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BioPsych 9
Visual and Auditory Systems
17
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
06/10/2010

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Cards

Term
sensitivity
Definition
the ability to detect objects in dim lighting
Term
acuity
Definition
ability to see details
-high when pupils constricted
Term
accommodation
Definition
adjusting the shape of the lenses to bring an image to focus
-flattens for distance
Term
convergence
Definition
eyes turning inward to see an object up close
Term
binocular disparity
Definition
difference in the position of the same image on two retinas
-enables you to construct 3D images from 2D on retinas
Term
photoreceptor layer
Definition
5th layer of the retina that contains the receptors for light
Term
retinal ganglion cell layer
Definition
1st layer of the retina which sends axons to the brain
Term
retina
Definition
5 layers of cells that line the back of the eye (inside out configuration, neurochemical signals travel back from the 5th layer to the 1st)
Term
cones (acuity/sensitivity/color/activation in dim light/convergence)
Definition
receptors for phototopic vision
-high acuity, low sensitivity, color, unactivated in dim light, low convergence from retina
Term
rods (acuity/sensitivity/color/activation in dim light/convergence)
Definition
receptors for scotopic vision
-dim lighting, low acuity, high sensitivity, no color, activated in dim light, high convergence from retina
Term
parvocellular layers of LGN
Definition
small cell bodies
info from cones
responsive to color
acuity
stationary and slow moving objects
Term
magnocellular layers of LGN
Definition
large cell bodies
info from rods
movement
Term
on-center cells
off-center cells
Definition
-cells fire when light hits the center of their receptive field
-cells fire when light hits the periphery of their receptive field
Term
hierarchy of cortical processing of vision
Definition
primary visual cortex-edges and lines
secondary visual cortex-color and movement
visual association cortex-integration with other sensed and generation of movement
subcortical structures-emotion/memory
Term
dorsal/ventral streams of processing
Definition
dorsal-WHERE objects are
damage=difficulty reaching for object they can describe (control of behavior)
ventral-WHAT objects are
damage=can reach for objects they cannot describe (conscious perception)
Term
path of sound wave vibrations
Definition
auditory canal>tymphanic membrane>ossicles>oval window>fluid in cochlea>organ of corti>stimulate hair cells>trigger action potentials in auditory nerve
Term
cortical processing of sound
Definition
network pathway:
auditory nerve>brain stem nuclei>midbrain nuclei(colliculi-tectum)>mediate geniculate nucleus of the thalamus (MGN)>primary, secondary, and association auditory cortex
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