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Biomolecules
Biomolecules (monomers and polymers) vocabulary
17
Biology
9th Grade
02/03/2010

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Term
metabolism
Definition
all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism
Term
macromolecule
Definition
a very large molecule such as a polymer (i.e. carbohydrate, lipid, nucleic acid, or protein)
Term
enzyme
Definition
protein that can catalyze a chemical reaction
Term
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur
Definition
the main components/elements of all living cells
Term
monomer
Definition
small molecules that join together in repeating units to form a polymer
Term
polymer
Definition
large molecules composed of smaller repeating monomers
Term
carbohydrate
Definition
used to store and release energy
Term
lipid
Definition
used to store energy
Term
nucleic acid
Definition
used to store genetic information
Term
proteins
Definition
structural molecules or enzymes
Term
amino acid
Definition
monomer of proteins
Term
fatty acids and glycerol
Definition
monomer of lipids
Term
monosaccharides
Definition
monomer of carbohydrates, a.k.a. simple sugars
Term
nucleotides
Definition
monomer of nucleic acids, made of nitrogen base, sugar, and phosphate
Term
protein structure
Definition
the 3-D shape of a protein, a.k.a. tertiary structure
Term
catalyst
Definition
molecule (usually protein) that speeds up a chemical reaction without changing itself
Term
active site
Definition
site on an enzyme where the substrate can bind
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