Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Biomechanics Exam 3
biomechanics3
18
Other
Undergraduate 3
10/25/2010

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Surface Drag
Definition

–Roughness of surface
•Clothing worn by athletes

 

–Viscosity of the fluid
•Hard to change in sport

Term
Form Drag
Definition
–Want the fluid to roll over the surface of the object
Term
Drafting
Definition

•Reduces relative velocity
•Velocity is a large contributor to drag

Term
Dynamic Force: Lift
Definition
•Acts perpendicular to the relative motion of the object and the fluid.
Term
Bernoulli’s Principle
Definition
•Faster moving fluids exert less pressure than slower moving fluids.
•Fluids on the curved surface are moving faster than on the straight surface
Term
Buoyant Force
Definition

–Due to the immersion in a fluid

 

–ALWAYS acts upward

 

-In water: The water below you pushes up on you

Term
Dynamic Force
Definition

–Due to the relative motion in the fluid

 

–Drag Forces

 

–Lift Forces

Term
Work
Definition
Definition
–The product of force and displacement in the direction of that force. It is the means by which energy is transferred from one object to another.
Term
Energy
Definition

•Definition
–The capacity to do work.

 

–2 types: Potential Energy & Kinetic Energy

Term
Potential Energy
Definition

Definition
–The capacity to do work due to an objects position. (gravitational potential energy)

 

•Variables
PE = m * g * h

 

•Interaction of Variables
–Gravity is constant. m and h are inversely related.

Term
Kinetic Energy
Definition

•Definition
–The capacity to do work due to an objects motion.

 

•Variables
KE = ½ * m * v2

 

•Interaction of Variables
–m and v are inversely proportional.

Term
Strain Energy
Definition

•Definition
–The capacity to do work due the deformation of an object. A type of potential energy.

 

•Variables
SE = ½ * k * x2
k is the stiffness of the material
X is the deformation of the object

 

•Interaction of Variables
–k and x are inversely proportional.

Term
Work -Energy
Definition

•Work is the means by which energy is transferred from one object to another.

 

 

•A discus thrower does work and transfers energy to the discus.
•A pole vaulterdoes work on the pole and transfers energy to the pole, which then vaults the athlete.

Term
Doing Work to increase Energy
Definition
•Want to increase Kinetic Energy so we apply Work (Force over a distance).
•Similar to Impulse - Momentum
Term
Work to Decrease (Absorb) Energy
Definition

•Similar to Impulse –Momentum –Impulse
–You cannot reduce the final (landing) Impulse but you can change the F and t variables.

 

–For Energy –Work
•You can increase the distance over which the force is applied to Absorb the energy at landing.

 

•Examples
–“giving” when catching a ball
–Soft landing
–Eccentric contractions of your muscles

Term
Power
Definition

•Definition
–Rate of doing work.

 

•Variables
P = U / t

 

•Interaction of Variables
–To increase Power you must either increase the Work (U) or decrease the time (t)

 

•Units of Measure
–W (watt) J/s

Term
Adaptations to Training
Definition

•Power
–force-velocity
–1/3 max velocity
–Any adaptation that affects max force or max velocity AFFECTS power

Supporting users have an ad free experience!