Term
| Name four of the seven emergent properties of life |
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Definition
living things are both complex and organized
response to stimuli
homeostasis
prodeuction and utilization of energy
growth and development
reproduction
adaptation to environment (evolution of species) |
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Term
| Why is homeostasis important to all forms of life? Give 2 separate examples of homeostasis. |
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Definition
living things ust be able to interact appropriately with the environment by sensing stimuli
homeostasis is the process of keeping the internal conditions constant
(no blood pressure and heart rate in the arm, if arm is placed in bucket of ice)
(our bodies need to be cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter, thus we wear appropriate clothing so we do not die of hypo/hyper thermia) |
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Term
| What are the 6 kingdoms of life? Which ones are prokaryotic? which are eukaryotic? for each kingdom, give an example of a member of that kingdom. |
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Definition
| prokaryotes= bacteria and archaea; eukaryotes= protista, fungi, plantae, animalia. bacteria (staph), archaea (ferroplasma), protista (amoeba), fungi (mushroom, plantae (moss), animalia (frog) |
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Term
| What is the difference in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? |
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Definition
Prokaryotes: cells that lack a membrane-boung nucleus
Eukaryotes: cells that contain a membrane-bound nucleus |
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Term
| what is the smallest unit of life? |
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Definition
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Term
| give an example of inductive reasoning. |
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Definition
All of the swans that all living beings have ever seen are white
Therefore, All swans are white. |
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Term
| Give an example of deductive reasoning |
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Definition
All oranges are fruits
All fruits grow on trees
Therefore, all oranges grow on trees |
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Term
| what four elements make up 96% of all living matter? |
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Definition
| Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen |
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Term
| how do isotopes of an element differ from one another? |
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Definition
| they have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons |
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Term
| why does sweating or swimming on a hot day cool you off? |
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Definition
| water has a high heat of vaporization due to hydrogen bonding |
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Term
| What are the three types of isomers? how do they deffer from one another? |
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Definition
structural: different bond arrangement
geometric: same bonds to same atoms, different spatial arrangement
enantiomers: mirror images |
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Term
| attaching a hydroxyl group to a carbon chain will form a compound belonging to which chemical family? |
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Definition
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Term
| What role do hydrogen bonds play in hair? what about disulfide bridges? |
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Definition
| heat makes hydrogen bonds, broken by h2o. disulfide bridges cause permanent straightening/curling |
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Term
| What makes shortening solid? |
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Definition
| saturating unsaturated fats with hydrogen. |
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