Term
| What are sensory receptors? |
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Definition
| Receptors in skin, mucus membanes, muscles, tendons, and joints |
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Term
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Definition
| Touch, pressure/vibration, tickle/itch |
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Term
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Definition
| Meissners corpuscle, hair root plexuses, merkel disks, ruffini corpusles |
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Term
| (Tactile receptors) Pressure/ Vibration |
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Definition
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Term
| (Tactile receptors) Tickle/ itch |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Free nerve endings in dermis, epidermis
Detect heat (32-48 Celcius), cold (10-40 celcius) |
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Term
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Definition
Free nerve endings in all tissues
Detect pain (including chemical)
Detect excess heat (>48 C), cold (<10 C)
Reports from organs are referred pain |
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Term
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Definition
Includes: muscles spindles in muscles, tendon organs in tendons, joint kinesthetic receptors in synovial joints, hair cells in inner ear.
Measures effort, location, tension, and movement |
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Term
| Olfaction (Upper nasal cavities) |
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Definition
| Olfactory receptors, supporting cells, basal cells. |
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Term
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Definition
Odorants bind to multiple receptors, sum of signals= odor.
Olfactory nerves->olfactory bulbs->olfactory tract-> limbic system, temporal lobe, hypothalamus. Rapid adaption |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Gustatory receptor cells where? |
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Definition
| In taste buds (lasts 5 days) |
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Term
| Gustatory: flavorant dissolved in |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| salty, sweet, bitter, sour, and new umami (savory) |
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Term
| Sensation routed to cranial nerves |
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Definition
| Medula oblongata, limbic system, hypothalamus an thalamus, gustatory area of parietal lobe. |
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Term
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Definition
Fibrous tunic- sclera, cornea
Vascular tunic- choroid, ciliary body, iris
Retina:
Neural layer: Photoreceptive layer, bipolar cell layer, ganglion cell layer.
Pigmented layer |
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Term
| (Eye structure continued) |
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Definition
Anterior cavity contains aqueus humor.
Vitreous cavity contains vitreous body:
Begins to retract age 30, forms floaters, can produce retinal tear.
Lens: Focuses refracted light on retina.
Hyperopia-farsighted
Myopia- nearsighted
Accomodation- presbyopia
Astimatism- irregular shape. |
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Term
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Definition
| Auricle, external auditory canal |
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Term
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Definition
Eustachian (auditory) tube- pressure equalization
Auditory ossicles: malleus, incus, stapes.
Oval window |
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Term
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Definition
Bony labyrinth, membranous labyrinth organ of corit (spiral organ)(hair cells sense vibrations, route through vesitbulocochlear nerve).
Semicircular ducts- dynamic equilibrium
Utricle, saccule- static equilibrium |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound waves strike eardrum, vibrations pass through ossicles, vibrate oval window, pressure waves in perilymph vibrate: vestibular membrane and scala tympani, pressure waves through endolymh, vibrate basilar membrane, stimulate hair cells, and neurotransmitters initiate signal in sensory neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
Cataracts – cloudy lens; implant artificial lens
Glaucoma – increased anterior chamber fluid pressure (retinal and nerve damage, blindness)
Trachoma (blindness caused by Chlamydia) |
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Term
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Definition
Sensorineural deafness (atherosclerosis, loud noises, medications)
Conduction deafness (otosclerosis, injury, age)
Tinnitus
Vertigo
Otitis media (otalgia in children, amoxacillin). |
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