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| performed by formation and discharge the of urine from the body, in humans |
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| enzyme release by kidneys rise blood pressure |
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| a hormone secerted by the kidneys.m when blood oxygen decreases |
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| passes urine to the outside |
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| breakdown of amino acids in the liver ammonia |
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| made by the breakdown of nucleotides, Gout |
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| made by muscle cells from the breakdown of creatine phosphate |
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| outer, granulated layer that dips down in between a radially striated inner layer |
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consists of cone- shaped tissue masses called renal pyramids
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| central space or cavity continous with the ureter |
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| A tube that carries urine down from the kidney to the bladder. |
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| knot of capillaries inside the gloerular capsule |
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| occurs as molecules and ions are passively and actively absorbed from the nephron into the blood of the peritubular capillary network |
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| a second way by which substances are removed from blood and added to the tubular fluid |
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| carry urine to the renal pelvis |
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| the close end of the nephron is pushed in on itself to form a cuplike struture |
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| proximal convoluted tubule |
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| cuboidal epithelial cells lining this part of the nephron have numerous microvilli, about 1 um in length that are tightly packed and form a brush border |
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| simple squamous epithelium appears as the tube narrows and makes a u- turn |
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| have numerous mitochondria but they lack microvilli. |
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| is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. |
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| also known as Routine and Microscopy (R&M), is an array of tests performed on urine, and one of the most common methods of medical diagnosis. |
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| refers to urinary bladder inflammation that results from any one of a number of distinct syndromes. |
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| Urination, the act of urinating. |
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| is a compound tubuloalveolar exocrine gland of the male reproductive system in most mammals. |
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| s a term used to loosely describe the illness accompanying kidney failure (also called renal failure), in particular the nitrogenous waste products associated with the failure of this organ. |
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| All diuretics increase the excretion of water from bodies, although each class does so in a distinct way. |
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| is the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored; hence, the medullary cavity is also known as the marrow cavity. |
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| internal support structure of an animal, composed of mineralized tissue. Endoskeleton develops within the skin or in the deeper body tissues. The vertebrate is basically an endoskeleton made up of two types of tissues (bone and cartilage). |
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| is the external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body, in contrast to the internal skeleton (endoskeleton) of, for example, a human. In popular usage, some of the larger kinds of exoskeletons are known as "shells". |
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| The production of all types of blood cells generated by a remarkable self-regulated system that is responsive to the demands put upon it. |
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| formed of an outer layer of compact bone shown in the enlargement and micrograph |
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