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| consists of all life and existing parts on Earth; contains every organism and extends 8 km above Earth's surface and 11 km below; Earth |
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| study of interactions between organisms and the environment |
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| living factors in an ecosystem |
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| non-living factors in an ecosystem |
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| used to test hypotheses; can slightly change conditions in certain parts in an ecosystems |
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| models made to further analyze and better understand mathematical formulas and such |
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| able to make own food; primary producers |
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| capture light energy and use it to power chemical reactions that are converted |
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| using chemical energy to produce carbs; part of autotroph process |
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| organisms that obtain food by consuming other living things; consumers |
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| organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply |
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| kill and eat other animals; meat eater |
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| animal that eat the carcasses of other animals that have been killed by predators |
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| feed by chemically breaking down organic matter; breaks down into smaller particles called detritus particles |
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| obtain energy and nutrients by eating plant leaves, roots, seeds, or fruits |
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| diet naturally include a variety of different foods that usually include plants and animals |
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| diet naturally include a variety of different foods that usually include plants and animals |
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| eat detritus particles and break it down further; feed on remains/ dead matter |
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| photosynthetic algae found close to the surface of the ocean; producer (plant kingdom) |
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| network of interactions formed by feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem |
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| small, free floating animals that form part of plankton; eat algae; near base of food chain |
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| step in food chain or web |
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| shows relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level |
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| amount of living tissue within a trophic level |
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| process which elements, chemical compounds and other forms of matter are passed from organism to organism and biosphere to biosphere (closed loop) |
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| chemical substance that an organism needs to sustain life |
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| process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrogen compound that plants can absorb and use; adding hydrogen to make ammonia or ammonium |
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| process where soil bacteria converts nitrates into nitrogen gas; completes recycliing |
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| single essential nutrient that limits productivity in an ecosystem |
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| a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring |
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| a group of ecosystems that share similar climates and typical environment |
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| first producer of energy rich compounds that are later used by other organisms. |
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