Term
| Four Major Categories of Organic Molecules |
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Definition
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleotides and Nuclei Acids |
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Term
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Definition
1. Oils, fats, and waxes
2. Phospholipids
3. Steroids |
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Term
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Definition
Ex) triglyceride = a lipids composed of three fatty-acid molecules bonded to a single glycerol molecule
No rings...fatty acid chains |
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Term
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Definition
Similar to triglycerides except phosphate group substitutes for one of the fatty acids. Forms membranes. Contains a variable function group (of a phosphate group and glycerol backbone) and a hydrophobic double bond.
No rings...fatty acid chains. |
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Term
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Definition
| Composed of 4 carbon rings fused together with functional groups attached to the rings. Signals molecules and is a membrane component. |
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Term
Protein
aka Peptides2-50 /Polypeptide 50+ |
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Definition
| One or more chains of amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| A carbon with 3 defined and one variable group. Forms chains |
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Term
| Chemical composition of Proteins |
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Definition
One or more chains of amino acids. R represents the variable functional group.
Dehydration synthesis forms chains. |
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Term
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Definition
| Structure / movement / defense / storage / signaling / catalyzing reactions |
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Term
| Proteins Chemical Structure |
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Definition
1. Primary Structure
2. Secondary Structure
3. Tertiary Structure
4. Quaternary Structure |
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Term
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Definition
Sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
Covalent Bond. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hydrogen bonds link hydrogen from amino groups to 0 of tarboyl group |
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Term
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Definition
Folding together of an alpha helix and a beta sheet.
Disulfide and hydrogen bond. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hydrogen, disulfide, and ionic bond |
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Term
| Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids |
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Definition
Chemical composition
1. 5 carbon sugar (ring)
2. Phosphate group
3. Base (1 or 2 rings) |
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Term
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Definition
Small monomer that 1) carries energy 2) is an intracellular messenger 3) are the building blocks of nucleic acids
ex) ATP |
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Term
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Definition
Long polymers of nucleotides.
Function: molecules of heredity
ex) DNA and RNA |
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