Term
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Definition
| Animals that lack a backbone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sponges; simple, sessile animals tha lack true tissues. Thye live as suspension feeders, trapping particles that pass through the internal channels of their bodies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Include corals, jellies,and hydras. These animals share a distincitve body plan that includes a gastrovascular cavity witha single opening that serves as both mouth and anus. |
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Term
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Definition
| consists of a few thousand cells arranged in a double-layered plate 2mm across. Feed on organic detritus. |
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| almost all are less than 1mm long. Live in sand and mud in oceans.Body consists of 13 segments covered in plates. |
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Definition
| flatworms that have bilateral symmetry and a central nervous system that processes information from eyes and other sensory structures. They have no body cavity or organs for circulation. |
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Definition
| have specialized organ systems, including an alimentary canal. |
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Definition
| live as sessile colonies and are covered by a tough exoskeleton. |
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Definition
| marine worms; live in tunnels in the seafloor, extending tentacles out of the tunnel opening to trap food. |
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Definition
| lamp shells, different from molluscs because they have a unique stalk that anchors them to their substrate. |
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Definition
| proboscis worms, or ribbon worms, swim through water or burrow in sand, extend a unique proboscis to capture prey. Lack a true coelom, but have an alimentary canal. |
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Term
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Definition
| thorny-headed worms; All species are parasites. |
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Term
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Definition
| (comb jellies) diploblastic like cnidarians. Have a set of 8 combs of cilia that propel them through water. |
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Term
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Definition
| (include snails, clams, squids, and octopuses) have a soft body that is protected by a hard shell. |
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Definition
| segmented worms; different from other worms because of its segmentation. |
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Definition
| can telescope its head, neck, and thorax in and out of the lorica, a pocket formed by six plates surrounding the abdomen. |
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Definition
| worms with a large, rounded proboscis at the anterior end. |
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Definition
| roundworms; abundant and diverse in the soil and aquatic habitats; many species parasitize plants and animals. Distinctive feature: has a tought cuticle that coats the body. |
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Definition
| includes insects, crustaceans, and arachnids. All have a segmented exoskeleton and jointed appendages. |
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Definition
| tiny vase-shaped creature that has a unique body plan and bizarre life cycle. |
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Definition
| sometimes called water bears for their rounded shape and stubby appendages,lumbers. |
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Term
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Definition
| also called velvet worms, originated during Cambrian explosion. Live in humid forest.Have fleshy antennae and several dozen pairs of saclike legs. |
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Definition
| deuterostomes; have gill slits and a dorsal nerve cord. Also known as acorn worms. |
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Definition
| (sand dollars, sea stars, sea urchins) animals that have radial symmetry as adults. Move and feed by using a network of internal canals to pump water to different parts of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| [Sponges] Suspension feeders |
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Definition
| The capture food particles suspended in the water that passes through their body. |
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Term
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Definition
| water is drawn through the central pores into this central cavity of the sponge. |
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Definition
| a large opening in a sponge that connects the spongocoel to the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| A flagellated feeding cell found in sponges. Also called a collar cell, it has a collar-like ring that traps food particales around the base of its flagellum. |
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Term
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Definition
| A gelatinous region between the two layers of cells of a sponge. |
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Term
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Definition
| (wanders through the mesohyl) An amoeba-like cell that moves bys pseudopodia, found in most animals; depending on the species, may digest and distribute food, dispose of wastes, form skeletal fibers, fight infections, and change into other cell types. |
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Definition
| Most sponges are hermaphrodites; each individual functions as both male and female in sexual reproduction by producing both sperm and eggs. |
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Term
| where does fertilization occur in sponges? |
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Definition
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Term
| What clade does all animals, except sponges belong to? |
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Definition
| Eumetazoa-animals with true tissues |
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Definition
| An extensive pouch that serves as the site of extracellular digestion and a passageway to disperse materials throughout most of an animal's body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The sessile form of the cnidarian body plan; they are cylindrical forms that adhere to the substrate by the aboral end of the body (end opp. the mouth) and extend their tentacles, waiting for prey. |
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Term
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Definition
| Flattened, mouth-down version of polyp. Moves freely in the water by a combination of passive drifting and contractions of its bell-shaped body. |
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Term
| Are cnidarians carnivores? |
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Definition
| Yes, their tentacles are armed with batteries of CNIDOCYTES: unique cells that function in defense and the capture of prey. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cnidae (capsule-like organelles that are capable of everting) that are stinging capsules. |
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Term
| Phylum cnidarian-Class HYDROZOA |
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Definition
| when environment is favorable, a hydra can reproduce asexually by budding (the formation of outgrowths that pinch off from the parent). Hydras can also reproduce sexually when environment deteriorates. Can alternate between polyp and medusa form. |
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Term
| Phylum Cnidaria-Class SCYPHOZOA[Scyphozoans] |
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Definition
| medusa is the predominant stage. |
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Term
| Phylum Cnidaria-Class CUBOZOANS |
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Definition
| box-shaped medusa stage. Have complex eyes embedded in the fringe of their medusae. Equipped wiht highly toxic cnidocytes. |
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Term
| Phylum Cnidaria-Class ANTHOZOA |
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Definition
| (sea anemones and corals) Occu only as polyps. Corals live as solitary or colonial forms, secrete a hard external skeleton made of calcium carbonate. Corals provide habitat for a other species. |
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Term
| Phylum Platyhelminthes-Class Turbellaria-Planarians |
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Definition
| Free-living flatworms found in unpolluted ponds and streams. Move by using cilia on ventral epidermis. |
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Term
| Phylum Platyhelminthes-Class Cestoidea: tapeworms |
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Definition
| Parasitic, in the anterior end, or SCOLEx, is armed with suckers and often hooks. Lack a gvc because suck nutrients from host's intestine. |
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Term
| Phylum Platyhelminthes-Class Rotifers |
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Definition
| multicellular and have specialized organ systems. Do not have a gvc, but an ALIMENTARY CANAL: a digestive tube with a separate mouth and anus. Internal organs lie within the pseudocoelom. Movement of its body distributes the fluid throughout the body, circulating nutrients and wastes. |
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Definition
| a type of reproduction in which females produce offspring from unfertilized eggs. |
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Definition
| sessile, colonial lophophorates commonly called bryozoans. |
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Term
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Definition
| a tube-dwelling marine lophophorate. |
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Term
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Definition
| lamp shells; have a hinged shell that are dorasal and ventral. All are marine. Most live in seafloor attached by a stalk. |
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Term
| Closed circulatory. system |
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Definition
| the blood is contained in vessels and is therefore distinct from fluid in the body cavity |
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Term
| What is the body plan of molluscs? |
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Definition
| The body has three main parts: a muscular FOOT:used for movement; a VISCERAL MASS:conatining most of hte internal organs; and a MANTLE: a fold of tissue that drapes over the visceral mass and secretes a shell. |
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Term
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Definition
| a water-filled chamber, which houses the gills, anus, and excretory pores. |
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Term
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Definition
| a rasp-like feeding organ in the mouth region of mollusc. THis strap of backward-curved teeth slides back and forth, scraping and scooping up food. |
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Term
| Trochophore of many marine molluscs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| have an oval-shaped body and a shell divided into eight dorsal plates; body is unsegmented. Marine; foot used for locomotion; radula to cut and ingest algae; no head. |
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Term
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Definition
| have a distinctive developmental process known as TORSION. |
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Term
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Definition
| when the visceral mass rotates up to 180 degrees during development. Causes the animal's anus and mantle cavity to wind up above its head. After torsion, some of the organs are reduced in size or are lost on one side of the body. |
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Definition
| (includes species of clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops) Have a shell divided into 2 halves. Halves are hinged at the middle |
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Term
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Definition
| active predators; includes octopuses and squids and chambered nautiluses. They are the only molluscs with a closed circulatory system. Have well-developed sense organs and a complex brain. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Phylum Annelida-Class OLIGOCHAETA |
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Definition
| (earthworms) have relatively sparse chaetae, or bristles made of chitin. |
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Term
| Phylum Annelida-Class POLYCHAETES |
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Definition
| each segment of polycheate has a pair of paddle-like structures called PARAPODIA ("almost feet") that function in locomotion. Each parapodium has several chaetae. |
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Term
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Definition
| inhabit fresh water. Many are predators that feed on other invertebrates, some are parasites that suck blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| (nonsegmented pseudocoelomates covered by a tough cuticle) roundworms; have an alimentary canal, lack a circulatory system. Nutrients are transported throughout the body via fluid in the pseudocoelom. Muscles are all longitudinal. |
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Term
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Definition
| tough coat that covers nematodes. |
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Term
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Definition
| segmented coelomates that have an exoskeleton and jointed appendages. Have well-developed sensory. Most sensory organs are concentrated at the anterior end of the animal. The coelom that forms in the embryo is reduced in arthropods; and the hemocoel becomes the main boyd cavity in adults. |
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Term
| Phylum Arthropoda-Class Trilobites |
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Definition
| have pronounced segmentation. |
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Term
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Definition
| external skeleton; constructed from layers of protein and athe polysaccharide chitin. Protects the animals and provides points of attachment for the muscles that move the appendages. |
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Term
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Definition
| shed old exoskeleton and produce a larger one; energetically expensive; also vulnerable to predation. |
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Term
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Definition
| system in which the fluid called hemolymph is propelled by a heart through short arteries and then into spaces called SINUSES surrounding hte tissues and organs. Hemolymph reeneter the heart through pores. The boyd sinuses are collectively called HEMOCOEL. |
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Term
| Phylum Arthropoda-Subphylum CHELICERIFORMS |
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Definition
| named for clawlike feeding appendages. Have an anterior cephalothorax and a posterior abdomen. Lack antennae, most have simple eyes. |
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Term
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Definition
| pair of clawlike feeding appendages characteristic of cheliceriforms. |
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Definition
| An extinct carnivorous cheliceriform also called water scorpion. |
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Definition
| members of one of the largest groups of crustaceans, which inlcudes terrestrial, freshwater, and marine species. |
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Definition
| members fo group of crustaceans; include lobsters, crayfish, crabs, and shrimps. |
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Term
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Definition
| The cuticle of decapods is hardened by calcium carbonate; portion that covers the dorsal side of the cephalothorax forms this shield. |
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Term
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Definition
| small planktonic crustaceans. |
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Term
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Definition
| (deuterostomes) sea stars; slow-moving or sessile marine animals. A thin skin covers an endoskeleton of hard plates. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unique to echinoderms; a network of hydraulic canals branching into extensions called TUBE FEET that function in locomotion, feeding, and gas exchange. |
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Term
| Phylum Echinodermata-Class Asteroidea (sea stars) |
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Definition
| have multiple arms radiating from a central disk. UHave tube feet under its arms. Use their tube feet to grasp prey. They have powers of regeneration. |
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Term
| Phylum Echinodermata-Class Ophiuroidea (brittle stars) |
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Definition
| have a distinct central disk and long, flexible arms. Move by lashing of their arms because their tube feet lack suckers so cannot grip. Can be suspension feeders, predators, or scavengers. |
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Term
| Phylum Echinodermata-Class Echinoidea(sea urchins and sand dollars) |
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Definition
| hav eno arms, but have five rows of tube feet that function in slow movement. Have muscles that pivot their long spines which help in locomotion. Mouth is ringed by complex, jawlike structures . Roughly spherical. sand dollars are flattened and disk shaped. |
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Term
| Phylum Echinodermata-Class Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers) |
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Definition
| five rows of tube feet; reduced skeleton; no spine. |
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Term
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Definition
| include hagfishes and vertebrates. Share man features of embryonic development with echinoderms. |
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