Term
| Characteristics of living things |
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Definition
Reproduction
Growth and development
Adapt & Evolve
Regulation
Made of Cells
Responds to stimuli
Get nutrients for energy
Complex and organized |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the DNA located? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the site of protein sunthesis |
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Term
| What is the eukaryotic membrane? |
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Definition
| the membrane around the nucleus |
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Term
| What are prokaryotic cells? |
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Definition
| they lack a membrane bound nucleus |
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Term
| What's an example of something that is complex and organized that is not alive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What elements are required for life and energy? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| regulate internal environment |
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Term
| Explain the difference between multicelled and unicelled organisms. |
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Definition
| Multicelled grow and develop and unicelled grow but do not develop |
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Term
| What's an example of capacity to evolve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the hierarchy of life? |
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Definition
Subatomic Particle
Atom
Molecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Multicellular organism
Population
Ecosystem
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere |
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Term
| What is a subatomic particle? Examples |
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Definition
Particles that make up an atom
proton-neutron-electron |
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Term
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Definition
| The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element |
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Term
| What is a molecule? Example |
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Definition
A combination of atoms
water-glucose-DNA |
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Term
| What is an organelle? Examples |
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Definition
A structure within a cell that performs a specific function
mitochondrion-chloroplast-nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| The smallest unit of life |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of similar cells that perform a specific function |
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Term
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Definition
| A structure usually composed of several tissue types that form a functional unit |
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Term
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Definition
| A structure usually composed of several tissue types that form a functional unit |
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Term
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Definition
| Two or more organs working together in the execution of a specific bodily function |
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Term
| What is a multicellular organism? |
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Definition
| An individual living thing composed of many cells |
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Term
| What is a population? example |
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Definition
Members of one species inhabiting the same area
heard of pronghorn antelope |
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Term
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Definition
| Very similar, potentially interbreeding organisms |
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Term
| What is a community? example |
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Definition
Two or more different species living and interacting in the same area
snake, antelope, hawk, bushes, grass |
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Term
| What is a biosphere? Example |
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Definition
That part of earth inhabited by living organisms; includes both the living and nonliving components.
Earth's surface |
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Term
| What are emergent properties? What's an example? |
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Definition
| New properties that arise with each step up in the biological hierarchy. Biological systems are much more than the sum of their parts. They can build different things with different functions.
Hydrogen, carbon, oxygen and you could build glucose or a lipid or anything |
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Term
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Definition
| Reducing complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study. |
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Term
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Definition
| It seeks to creat models of the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems and predict how changes in one part of a system will affect the rest of the system. |
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Term
| What's an example of systems biology? |
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Definition
| If you mess with one protein in a fruit fly cell it will affect other proteins because they are all connected. |
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Term
| How many species have been identified and named? What are they? |
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Definition
1.8 million
5,200 prokaryotes
100,000 fungi
290,000 plants
52,000 vertebrates
1 m insects |
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Term
| How are form and function related? example |
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Definition
They are intimately related at all levels of biological organization.
Basketball players are tall or a piano player has long fingers |
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Term
| What processes of scientific inquiry does biology blend? |
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Definition
Discovery science
Hypothesis-based science |
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Term
| What is descriptive science? example |
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Definition
| Describing nature through careful observation and analysis of date
cutting open organisms |
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Term
| What is inductive reasoning? |
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Definition
| A type of logic in which generalizations are based on large numbers of observations |
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Term
| What is hypothesis-based science? |
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Definition
| Explaining nature by proposing and testing hypotheses-It must be testable-educated guesses |
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Term
| What is deductive reasoning? |
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Definition
A type of logic in which specific results are predicted from a general premise
If...then |
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Term
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Definition
| The smallest unit of an element that still retains it's distinctive chemical properties |
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Term
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Definition
| The smallest unit of an element that still retains it's distinctive chemical properties |
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Term
| What are the three main subatomic particles and what are their charges and mass? |
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Definition
Protons +1-1 dalton
Neutrons No Charge-1 dalton
Electrons -1-no mass |
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Term
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Definition
| In the number of their subatomic particles |
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Term
| What is the atomic number? |
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Definition
| number of protons in an element |
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Term
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Definition
| Number of protons + neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| Different forms of the same element that have different atomic mass' |
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Term
| What are valence electrons and where are they? |
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Definition
| Electrons in outermost electron shell(valence shell) |
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Term
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Definition
| The shairing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds |
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Term
| What is the electronegativity of an atom? What is the equality of C, N, S, P, H, and O? |
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Definition
The attraction of an atom for the electrons in a covalent bond.
C=H=S=P
C |
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Term
| What are non-polar covalent bonds? |
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Definition
| The atoms involved in the covalent bond have similar electronegativities. They share the electrons equally |
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Term
| What are polar covalent bonds? |
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Definition
| The atoms involved in the covalent bond have different electronegativities. They share the electrons unequally and have partial charges |
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms strip electrons away from their partners and create ions. Attraction between oppositely charged atoms and between anions and cations |
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Term
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Definition
| Atoms that have gained or lost electrons. i.e. charged atoms |
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Term
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Definition
Cation is a positively charged ion because of a lost electron.
Anion is a negatively charged ion because of a gain of an electron |
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Term
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Definition
| A bond between hydrogen and an electronegative atom. |
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Term
| What is Van der Waals interaction? What does it occur in? |
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Definition
| It occurs when transiently positive and negative regions of molecules attract each other. The 'hot spots' of partial charge. It occurs in nonpolar molecules. Individually they are weak, but together they're strong |
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Term
| How do you measure the strength of a chemical bond? |
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Definition
| The amount of energy needed to break the bond |
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Term
| What are strong chemical bonds? |
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Definition
| Covalent bonds and ionic bonds that are not in water. |
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Term
| What are weak chemical bonds (non-covalent)? |
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Definition
| Ionic bonds in water, hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals interactions |
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Term
| What are chemical reactions? |
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Definition
| The making and breaking of chemical bonds |
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Term
| What are reversible reactions? |
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Definition
| Products of the forward reaction become the reactants of the reverse reaction |
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Term
| What is chemical equilibrium? |
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Definition
| When the forward and reverse reactions occur at same rate |
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Term
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Definition
store, transmit, and use genetic information
polymers of nucleotides
2 types of nucleic acids |
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Term
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Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid
Stores genetic information-basically sits on it's ass and does nothing
transmits genetic information |
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Term
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Definition
ribonucleic acid
built from ribonucleotides
'uses' genetic information
messenger RNA (mRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
transfer RNA (tRNA) |
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Term
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Definition
DNA to RNA to protein
mRNA in exact copy of DNA, but it's moveable
Ribosome-non-membranous organelle, composed of rRNA and protein
tRNA carry acids to ribosomes to add polypeptide being built |
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Term
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Definition
DNA to RNA to protein
mRNA in exact copy of DNA, but it's moveable
Ribosome-non-membranous organelle, composed of rRNA and protein
tRNA carry acids to ribosomes to add polypeptide being built |
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