Term
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Definition
Assumes:
1.Small populations deviate by chance
2.No immigration of individuals from other populations
3.Alleles don't change from one state to another
4. All genotypes have the same fitness |
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Term
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Definition
| Increases the frequency of homozygoes and decreases frequency of heterozygotes |
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Term
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Definition
1.Allele frequencies fluctuate randomly, so become lost
2. Heterozygosity declines as alleles become fixed and lost
3. As population increases, rate of heterozygosity decline decreases [inverse relationship]
4. Fixing probability is equal to initial frequency of alleles. So rare alleles are more likely to be lost |
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Term
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Definition
| Study of allele frequency distribution and change in a group of INTERBREEDING organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| animal eats another organism |
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Term
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Definition
| animal eats another animal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when an animal eats an organism that it lives on or in |
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Term
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Definition
| resource partitioning, character displacement |
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Term
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Definition
| predators select for defensive traits in prey, whihc |
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Term
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Definition
| negative impact on model species |
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Term
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Definition
| positive impact on mimic species |
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Term
| When 2 or more harmful species resemble one another |
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Definition
| app species have a positive effect on one another |
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Term
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Definition
| animal eats another organism |
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Term
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Definition
| animal eats another animal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| when an animal eats an organism that it lives on or in |
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Term
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Definition
| resource partitioning, character displacement |
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Term
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Definition
| predators select for defensive traits in prey, whihc |
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Term
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Definition
| negative impact on model species |
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Term
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Definition
| positive impact on mimic species |
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Term
| When 2 or more harmful species resemble one another |
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Definition
| app species have a positive effect on one another |
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Term
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Definition
| animal eats another organism |
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Term
| predator-mediated coexistance |
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Definition
| when predators reduce prey populations and thereby prevent competitive exclusion of prey species, INCREASING species diversity |
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Term
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Definition
| study of multiple species interactions and abiotic factors on the structure and dynamics of communities |
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Term
| disturbance mediated coexistance |
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Definition
| when abiotic disutrbances reduce prey populations and thereby prevent competitive exclusion of prey species, increasing species diversity |
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Term
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Definition
| predation and disurbance cannot be too intense, because you don't want to kill all the species |
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Term
| Intermediate disturbance hypothesis by Connell |
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Definition
a. competitive exlusion by dominant specis
b. disturbance-mediated coexistance
3. extinctions caused by too much distrubance
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.nature.com/scitable/content/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/ne0000/13317465/hughes_figure1_ksm.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/disturbance-and-diversity-an-ecological-chicken-and-13256228&h=317&w=450&sz=12&tbnid=hlX4xscXv4gHDM:&tbnh=90&tbnw=128&zoom=1&usg=__N7pWw09ogCbMw8cHB4DwMD0BmRU=&docid=Etukm6sox6fbzM&sa=X&ei=edV3UtKvOuH8iwKt-4G4Bg&ved=0CDsQ9QEwAQ |
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Term
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Definition
| Tropical species have had more time for speciation |
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Term
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Definition
| more tripoical species can adapt to favorable cimate in tropics |
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Term
| predation-disturbance hypothesis |
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Definition
| predation and abiotic disturbances are at an immediate level in tropics, allowing more species to coexist |
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Term
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Definition
| tropical zones contain more area |
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Term
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Definition
| species are more specialized in tropics, allowing more species to exist so they partition resources finer |
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Term
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Definition
| temporal change in community composition |
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Term
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Definition
| begins on bare rock or sand |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Early successional plants (r selected series) |
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Definition
| fast growers, low shade tolerance, low drought tolerance, many seeds,high dispersal, small early, low structure, short life span |
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Term
| late-successional plants (k-selected) |
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Definition
| slow growers, high shade tolerance, high drough solerance, few seeds, low dispersal, large early, strong structure, long life span |
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Term
| superorganism hyptohesis-classic theory |
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Definition
| communities are fundamenal units of highly integrated species. Succession proceeds in a predetermiined sequence towards the climax, analogous to development from an embryo into an adult |
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Term
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Definition
| communities are collections of non-integrated species with similar physical requirements |
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Term
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Definition
| proportion of all genes in the population present in a particular form |
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Term
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Definition
| proportion of a population that has a particular genotype |
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Term
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Definition
P low - system at a stable equilibrium. K stables cylcles
P Medium- stable cycles
P High- eat all prey. System is unstable. |
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Term
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Definition
| movement of genotypes from one population to another. Maintains local genetic diversity. Too much gene swapping reduces fitness by impeding local adaptation. |
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Term
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Definition
| random change in gene frequencies within populations caused by sampling error. Less effect on BIG populations. Vice versa for smaller populations |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Quantitative defensive compounds |
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Definition
| produced in relatively large quanitities and inhibit digestion of food |
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Term
| qualatiative defensive compounds |
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Definition
| porduced in small quantities, highly toxic |
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Term
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Definition
| when a diploid individual produced gametes each contains only one coopy |
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Term
| law of independent assortment |
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Definition
| alleles seprate independant of each other |
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