Term
| All of you things are caring outside source of material and energy. All of the chemical reactions that occur within a cell to provide these materials and energy is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| However, for these processes to continue living things must maintain blank or the maintenance of internal conditions within certain boundaries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For example , lizards lounge on rocks and sunny locations to warm their bodies and six shade to call their bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Penguins have extra layers of feathers, a layer of bubbler, and feet and tails that serve as rubbers. Collectively, these blank make them suitable for life in a aquatic existence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Unicellular prokaryotic organisms that live in extreme environments.
Thrive in extreme aquatic environments such as thermal vents, sulfur vents, or acid mines.
Include Methanosarcina of mazei,a methane- producing organism.
Representative the first cells on Earth. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Unicellular prokaryotes that can be found almost anywhere, including soils, water, air, land our bodies.
Include examples, such as Escherichia coli and Helicobacter pylori. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Unicellular or multicellular organisms that contain a membrane- bounded nucleus.
Include examples, such as Euglena, a photosynthetic protist; Amanita, a poisonous fungi; Gingko blob, an ancient tree; and human |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The process in which populations accumulate adaptations over time to become more suited to their environments is called blank. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It is considered the unifying concept of blank, which is the study of life. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The process of blank explains how a population changes in response to its environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As the environment changes over time, some individuals may possess certain Blank that make them better suited to live longer and produce more blank . |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These favorable traits cause higher reproductive success and increase the blank of these traits from one blank to the next. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The phrase "common blank with modification" sums up the process of evolution, which shows that one species can be a common blank to several species, each adapted to a particular set of environmental conditions. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are domains organized? |
|
Definition
| Based upon comparison of ribosomal RNA and characteristics like cell structure |
|
|
Term
| Bacteria and archaea are both domains consisting of prokaryotic organisms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Select all of the characteristics of eukaryotes. |
|
Definition
| Nucleus present, no nucleus present |
|
|
Term
| Since no eukaryotes have cell walls it is easy to distinguish this group from domains bacteria and archaea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bacteria and archaea Or both prokaryotic domains though they differ from one another from the options below select the difference between these domains. |
|
Definition
| Bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan; Archaeal cell walls do not. |
|
|
Term
| Substances that release hydrogen ions when dissociated in water are called blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The blank value of a solution becomes blank when more hydrogen ions are released by an acid. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| blank is a strong acid because it almost fully dissociates into hydrogen ions and blank ions in water. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Substances that release blank ions or take up hydrogen ions when dissociated in water are called blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The more hydroxide ions released or the more hydrogen ions taken up by bases, the blank the pH value of the solution. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Blank is a strong base because it almost fully dissociates into hydroxide ions and blank ions in water. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Isotopes are atoms of the same element that contain different numbers of blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because of this, they have the same number of blank, but a different blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Isotopes that are blank, are used in medicine as tracers to detect and destroy dangerous cells. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Isotopes that are radioactive can also be used to blank medical equipment and even food. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In high amounts, radioactive isotopes can be blank to humans. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the human body, pH needs to be kept within a narrow range in order to maintain blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chemicals or a combination of chemicals that keeps pH levels within normal limits are called blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These chemicals work by taking up excess blank when acids are added to the body and blank when bases are added to the body. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diseases such as diabetes and congestive heart failure may bring on a condition called blank, in which the body is unable to buffer the excessive production of hydrogen ions. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hydrochloric acid, stomach acid, lemon juice, soda, tomatoes, black coffee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| human blood, antacids, milk of magnesia, ammonia, sodium hydroxide |
|
|
Term
| Nonliving and living matter are composed of blank that cannot be broken down further. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The atomic theory states that elements consist of tiny particles called blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The blank displays all of the elements, and therefore the atoms, based on their chemical and physical properties. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The blank is written above the atomic symbol and reflects the number of protons the atom has and makes it unique. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The blank is written below the atomic symbol and reflects the number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atoms of the same element with varying numbers of neutrons, some of which produce radiation that may be useful medically, are called blank. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The energy levels in which electrons orbit around the Blank are also called Blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The electrons that are in the outermost electron shell, also known as the Blank, have Blank energy than those in the inner electron shells. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An atom of helium has one electron shell and it is full when it contains Blank electrons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When atoms have more than one electron shell, the valence shell is full when it contains Blank electrons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Magnesium wants to have 8 electrons, so it Blank 2 electrons to another atom, so its valence shell is full and a Blank is created between the two atoms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In water, oxygen shares a bond with two hydrogen atoms. Oxygen is more Blank than hydrogen, making the bond Blank with the oxygen being the negative end and the two hydrogens being the positive end. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because it is a polar compound, individual water molecules are attracted to one another by Blank bonds, which form because of the attraction between the positive hydrogen atoms and the negative oxygen atoms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because of the high number of hydrogen bonds, water exhibits Blank meaning the molecules cling together. Under ordinary conditions of temperature and pressure, water exists as a Blank. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Water also exhibits Blank, which is the ability to cling to other polar surfaces, because of its polarity. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Water has a high heat Blank, which allows it to absorb heat without greatly changing its temperature, and a high heat of Blank, which prevents it from easily becoming a gas and evaporating into the environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Water can also be used as a Blank for many polar and ionic substances. Molecules that are attracted to water are said to be blank |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The process of blank leads to organisms that are blank that environment. |
|
Definition
| natural selection; adapted to |
|
|
Term
| Eli keeps a worm bin in his basement because the worms need cooler temperatures to survive. He feeds them about one pound of kitchen scraps each week. One summer the temperatures rose above the optimal temperature for the red worms (~ 85°F) and many in his colony died. However, those that survive continued to reproduce and within six months his colony was thriving again. The following summer, unusually warm temperatures once again resulted in the basement temperatures rising above 85°F. Surprisingly, Eli noticed that only a small portion of the worm colony died. What is the best explanation for this? |
|
Definition
| the worms survived the first summer had a higher heat tolerance and passed this trait on to their offspring. |
|
|
Term
| Male amphibians, including frogs and toads, have been plagued by feminization, deformity, behavioral abnormalities and sterility. Biologists from the University of Florida investigated whether reproductive problems among populations of cane toads (Bufo marinus) are caused by poisons from chemicals associated with agriculture. The biologists collected local adult cane toads from more than 20 different locations. Toads were collected from areas close to agriculture, both large-scale and small-scale farms, as well as from suburbs that are nonagricultural areas. In this study, what is the genus of the study animal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Male amphibians, including frogs and toads, have been plagued by feminization, deformity, behavioral abnormalities and sterility. Biologists from the University of Florida investigated whether reproductive problems among populations of cane toads (Bufo marinus) are caused by poisons from chemicals associated with agriculture. The biologists collected local adult cane toads from more than 20 different locations. Toads were collected from areas close to agriculture, both large-scale and small-scale farms, as well as from suburbs that are nonagricultural areas. Based on this study, what is/are the test group(s) |
|
Definition
| male toads collected from areas near large-scale and small-scale farms. |
|
|
Term
| In the following statement true or false? The mountain zebra (Equus zebra) and the donkey (Equus asinus) belong to the same species? |
|
Definition
| false, because the specific epithet is different. |
|
|
Term
| which of the following statements inaccurately describes biodiversity? |
|
Definition
| so far, approximately 6 million species have been identified and named |
|
|
Term
| Salmon live in both fresh water and salt water during their lives. They are born in in fresh water but migrate out to marine waters for most of their life. Eventually, they return to the place they were born in fresh water to spawn. Changing between fresh water and salt water affects the balance of water in their body. Salmon have an internal control system called osmoregulation that restores the balance by negative feedback. This is an example of which characteristic of life? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell are collectively called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kevin is studying predator-prey interactions. One day he notices a spider eating a cricket caught in its web. Later that day, a bird eats the spider. Based on the organisms involved in this study, what level of organization is he studying? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kevin is studying predator-prey interactions. One day he notices a spider eating a cricket caught in its web. Later that day, a bird eats the spider. How many producers are there in this scenario? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the following is true about ecosystems? |
|
Definition
| all of the above answers are true |
|
|
Term
| The development of new technologies is based on science? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Living organisms must constantly take in energy in order to power functions necessary to remain alive. All of the chemical reactions that involve energy conversions within a cell are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The purpose of a control group in an experiment is |
|
Definition
| for comparison to the other test groups |
|
|
Term
| The various species of honeycreepers have an assortment of different beak shapes, but all honeycreeper species have a similar size and body shape. This is an example of |
|
Definition
| descent with modification |
|
|
Term
| Simon is an avid gardener who spends a lot of time caring for the plants in his garden. To minimize damage from pests from his garden, Simon uses a pesticide spray. After a few years of using the same pesticide spray, he notices that it has become less effective. This is most likely due to |
|
Definition
| evolution by natural selection |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a true statement about extinction? |
|
Definition
| All of the statements about extinction are true. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| encompasses many hypotheses |
|
|
Term
| Which kingdom includes both unicellular and multicellular organisms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following correctly lists the classification categories from least to most inclusive? |
|
Definition
| species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain |
|
|
Term
| As autumn approaches, white-tailed deer begin to accumulate a layer of body fat. This is an example of which characteristic of life? |
|
Definition
| response to the environment |
|
|
Term
| Scientists were studying temperature selection amongst pregnant big brown bats. What would be the best control group for this study? |
|
Definition
| female bats that were not pregnant |
|
|
Term
| Sam is studying the interaction between porcupines, pinion pine trees, and pine bark beetles. Over the course of his study in Colorado, he observes the behaviors of 25 porcupines, records the location of 151 pinion pines, and traps 332 beetles. How many populations does his study include? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statement(s) is/are true with respect to scientific theory? |
|
Definition
| all of the statements about scientific theories are true |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following classification categories for humans is correct? |
|
Definition
| Homo sapiens: binomial name |
|
|
Term
| A biologist is studying how acid rain affects earthworm and beetle populations in a portion of Yellowstone National Park. What level of organization is she studying? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Robert, an aspiring scientist in a biology class, wanted to conduct a study on the effects of cigarette smoke on the web-building ability of spiders. Which of the following statements is an incorrect use of terms pertaining to the scientific method? |
|
Definition
| Robert wanted to see if his theory was true that cigarette smoke will influence web-building in spiders. |
|
|
Term
| Kevin is studying predator-prey interactions. One day he notices a spider eating a cricket caught in its web. Later that day, a bird eats the spider. How many species are involved in his study? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pond ecosystem includes small water fleas which feed on submerged aquatic plants. When the water fleas die, they sink to the bottom of the pond where their dead bodies are broken down with the help of bacteria. List in order the producer, decomposer, and consumer in this system. |
|
Definition
| aquatic plants, bacteria, water fleas |
|
|
Term
| Phylum Arthropoda is broken into subgroups which include both Arachnida (e.g., spiders) and Insecta (e.g., insects). As a result, Arachnida and Insecta most likely belong to which classification category? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the following statement true or false? The only single-celled organisms are prokaryotes, such as archaeans and bacteria. |
|
Definition
| false because some eukaryotes, including protista, are single celled |
|
|
Term
| Sulfur has an atomic number of 16. How many valence shell electrons does it have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the following is a property of acids? |
|
Definition
| acids have a sharp or sour taste |
|
|
Term
1.Created when an atom either loses or gains electrons in a reaction, resulting in an overall net charge.
2. Their numbers will vary in isotopes of the same element.
3.Their number and arrangement determine which chemical reactions an element can take part in.
4. Their number in an atom is the atomic number of the element.
5.The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element. |
|
Definition
| 1. Ion, 2. neutrons, 3.Electrons, 4.Protons, 5. Atom |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is molecule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following would be considered a trace element in living things? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Although Oregon and South Dakota are at similar latitudes, winters in Oregon are warmer and summers in Oregon are cooler. Which of the following might explain these differences between the climate of Oregon and the climate of South Dakota? |
|
Definition
| The pacific ocean makes Oregon temperatures more moderate. |
|
|
Term
| In what ways are radioactive isotopes potentially harmful? |
|
Definition
| Unmonitored release into the environment can make changes in a cell's DNA. |
|
|
Term
| What do lemons, tomatoes, and coffee all have in common chemically? |
|
Definition
| They all produce H+ ions in solution, making them acids. |
|
|
Term
| Heartburn occurs when stomach acid escapes the stomach and burns the tissues of the esophagus. Baking soda is sometimes used as an antacid. How does baking soda help relieve symptoms of heartburn? |
|
Definition
| The baking soda is serving as a buffer to take up excess H+ ions from stomach acid |
|
|
Term
| An atom's valence electron shell |
|
Definition
| determines its chemical reactivity |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a way that isotopes are useful in medicine? Check all that apply. |
|
Definition
| radioactive isotopes can be used to regenerate damaged tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a negatively charged ion is attracted to one with a positive charge |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a way in which chemical bonds can be formed? |
|
Definition
| All of the answers describe ways that chemical bonds can be formed. |
|
|
Term
| The electron arrangement for argon, which has 18 electrons, is |
|
Definition
| 2 in the inner electron shell, 8 in the second electron shell, and 8 in the outer electron shell. |
|
|
Term
| The pH of pure water is ________ because ________. |
|
Definition
| 7.0; water contains an equal number of H+ ions and OH- ions |
|
|
Term
| When a sodium atom transfers an electron to a chlorine atom |
|
Definition
| All of the above statements are correct. |
|
|
Term
| Isotopes of an element differ in their |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Isotopes of an atom differ in their |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following statements about basic solutions is true? |
|
Definition
| Basic solutions release OH- |
|
|
Term
| The reactivity of an atom depends on the number of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an atom that has an electrical charge is called an |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is the smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of an element? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both radioactive isotopes and stable isotopes contain the same number of electrons and protons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which property of water causes sugar to dissolve in coffee? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a positively charged hydrogen in a water molecule become attracted to the negatively charged oxygen in a nearby water molecule, this is called a ionic bond. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following best describes the structure of how water molecules form? |
|
Definition
| The oxygen atom and hydrogen atoms form a covalent bond with one another to create stable valence shells of electrons. The electrons are shared unequally resulting in a polar molecule. |
|
|
Term
| The type of bond that would form from the transfer of an electron from one atom to another is a(n) ________ bond. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following would be an example of the value of water's heat capacity? |
|
Definition
| Living organisms are able to maintain their internal body temperatures because the water in their cells resists changes in temperature. |
|
|
Term
| All atoms of the same element have the same |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cells need buffering agents in order to |
|
Definition
| minimize the changes in pH of their internal environment |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following properties of water involve hydrogen bonds? Check all that apply |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Positron-emission tomography (PET) is an example of how ions are useful in medicine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the giving, taking, or sharing of electrons. |
|
|
Term
| Which nitrogen-containing base is found in DNA but not in RNA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What makes saturated triglycerides considerably less healthy than unsaturated ones? |
|
Definition
| They possess no double bonds between carbon atoms, which makes them more tightly packed together. |
|
|
Term
| Deoxyribose is a sugar found in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ATP is a molecule used for energy transport inside the cell. The components of ATP are a nitrogen-containing base, a 5-carbon sugar, and three phosphate groups. Given this structure, ATP is classified as a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glycogen is a ________ made of many ________. |
|
Definition
| polymer; glucose molecules |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a hydrolysis reaction? |
|
Definition
| glycogen forming glucose molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a main function of proteins? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an organic molecule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following terms should be categorized separately from the others? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an inorganic molecule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which functional group is both polar (hydrophilic) and weakly acidic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hydrolysis of sucrose, a disaccharide, results in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Select the correct association. |
|
Definition
| Carbohydrates—include glucose, sucrose, and starch |
|
|
Term
| In a dehydration reaction, ________. In order for this to occur water is ________. |
|
Definition
| monomers are joined to become a polymer; removed |
|
|
Term
| A triglyceride is formed when three fatty acids join a glycerol by a |
|
Definition
| dehydration synthesis reaction |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a feature that proteins and polysaccharides share? |
|
Definition
| They are made of repeated monomer units |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a true statement about proteins? |
|
Definition
| Proteins are used to produce many types of hormones. |
|
|
Term
| Which one of the following is a potential danger of anabolic steroids? |
|
Definition
| All of the above answers are problems associated with anabolic steroids |
|
|
Term
| In addition to carbon, an organic molecule must contain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which of the following is the correct monomer matched with its polymer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a starch molecule is to glucose as |
|
Definition
| a protein is to an amino acid |
|
|
Term
| What functional group makes a carbohydrate hydrophilic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amino acids are needed to build ________, just as ________ are needed to create DNA. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A gene in DNA is the code for assembling a sequence of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA and RNA differ in that |
|
Definition
| DNA is double-stranded and contains the sugar deoxyribose and the nitrogen-containing base thymine; RNA is single-stranded and contains sugar ribose and the nitrogen-containing base uracil. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an organic molecule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA functions to ________, while RNA’s function is to________. |
|
Definition
| stores genetic information; aids in the processing of the information within the DNA into proteins. |
|
|
Term
| Scientists created an enzyme that will break down any type of carbohydrate. If given to humans, which of the following could be used as a new food source? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the following correctly lists the parts of a nucleotide of RNA? |
|
Definition
| nitrogen-containing base, ribose, phosphate |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a functional group present in amino acids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is an organic molecule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are lipids different from other categories of biological molecules? |
|
Definition
| They will not combine with water |
|
|
Term
| The natural phenomena are watched as they occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a testable statement is formulated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the hypothesis is tested by experiment or further observations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the result are analyzed. the hypothesis is supported continue work. if the hypothesis is rejected start again |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| many experiments and observations support a theory |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
