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Definition
| the change that occurs in organisms's characteristics through time |
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| a population or group of populations that possess similar characteristics and can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. |
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| The differential reproduction of genotypes caused by factors in the environment. Leads to evolutionary change |
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| When breeders select certain varieties of plants or animals to produce certain characteristics |
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Definition
| preserved remains, tracks or traces of once-living organisms. Created when organisms are buried in sediment |
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| although the structure and function of bones have diverged--they have evolved from the same body part present in a common ancestor |
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| features found in different lineages that resemble eachother as a result of parallel evolutionary adaptions to similar environments |
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Definition
| the study of properties of genes in populations. |
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| alternative forms of a gene |
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Definition
| proportion of alleles of a particular type in a population |
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| Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium |
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Definition
| The rule introduced by scientists hardy and weinberg that in a large population of a species where random mating occurs, alleles can be in frequencies which are not changing |
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Definition
| the proportion of individuals with a certain characteristic, compared to the entire population |
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Definition
| when individuals mate with one another either more or less commonly than would be expected on a random basis |
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Definition
| choosing a mate based on physical characteristics |
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Definition
| random changes in allele frequencies |
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| One or a few individuals migrate and found a new, isolated population at some distance from their place of origin. Their alleles are of special significance in the new population. Significant fraction of the new population's endowment |
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| a restriction in genetic variability caused by a drastic reduction from flooding, drought, earthquakes or other natural forces or environmental changes |
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Definition
| the movement of individuals between populations |
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Definition
| selection that acts to eliminate both extremes from an array of phenotypes. This results in an increase in frequency of the already common intermediate phenotype |
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| diploid individual carrying two alleles of a gene on its homologous chromosomes |
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| the evolutionary process in which darker individuals come to predominate over lighter individuals since the industrial revolution as a result of natural selection |
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| the stages of the species forming process |
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| Biological species concept |
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Definition
| defines species as groups of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations which are reproductively isolated from other such groups |
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Definition
| populations whose members do not mate with each other or who cannot produce offspring--members of different species |
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Term
| Reproductive isolating mechanisms |
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Definition
| barriers to successful reproduction |
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