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Biology Unit 1 terms
Unit 1 terms for the Exploring Creation with Biology Apologia course
27
Biology
10th Grade
02/02/2012

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Term
Metabolism
Definition
The sum total of all processes in an organism which convert energy and matter from outside sources and use that energy and matter to sustain the organism's life functions
Term
Anabolism
Definition
The sum total of all processes in an organism which use energy and simple chemical building blocks to produce large chemicals and structures necessary for life
Term
Catabolism
Definition
The sum total of all processes in an organism which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks
Term
Photosynthesis
Definition
The process by which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of sunlight and simple chemicals to produce their own food
Term
Herbivores
Definition
Organisms that eat only plants
Term
Carnivores
Definition
Organisms that eat only organisms other than plants
Term
Omnivores
Definition
Organisms that eat both plants and other organisms
Term
Producers
Definition
Organisms that produce their own food
Term
Consumers
Definition
Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food
Term
Decomposers
Definition
Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms
Term
Autotrophs
Definition
Organisms that are able to make their own food
Term
Heterotrophs
Definition
Organisms that depend on other organisms for their food
Term
Receptors
Definition
Special structures that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their internal or external environment
Term
Asexual reproduction
Definition
Reproduction accomplished by a single organism
Term
Sexual reproduction
Definition
Reproduction that requires two organisms
Term
Inheritance
Definition
The process by which physical and biological characteristics are transmitted from the parent (or parents) to the offspring
Term
Mutation
Definition
An abrupt and marked change in the DNA of an organism compared to that of its parents
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question
Term
Theory
Definition
A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
Term
Scientific law
Definition
A theory that has been tested by and is consistent with generations of data
Term
Microorganisms
Definition
Living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye
Term
Abiogenesis
Definition
The idea that long ago, very simple life forms spontaneously appeared through chemical reactions
Term
Prokaryotic cell
Definition
A cell that has no distinct, membrane-bounded organelles
Term
Eukaryotic cell
Definition
A cell with distinct, membrane-bounded organelles
Term
Species
Definition
A unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are reproductively isolated from other such units
Term
Taxonomy
Definition
The science of classifying organisms
Term
Binomial nomenclature
Definition
Naming an organism with its genus and species name
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