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| organisims that are only composed of one cell |
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| composed of two or more cells |
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| became different through reproduction, and by filling in the roles they are supposed to play in the body |
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| stable level of internal conditions |
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| the passing of hereditary information to offspring |
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| deoxyribonucleic acid- what hereditary info is stored on |
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| short segment of DNA that contains info for a specific trait |
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| hereditary info from two parts of an organism or from two different organisms are combined |
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| one parent giving hereditary info to offspring by spliting apart |
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| organisms that have favorable triats survive longer/ successfully reproduce |
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| study of interactions between organisms and their enviornment |
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| enviornmental communities |
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| plants, other unicellular organisms getting their energy/food from the sun |
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| organisms that make their own food |
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| organisms that have to take in food to meet their needs |
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| sum of all chemical processes that occur in a organism |
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| formation of two cells from an existing cell |
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| process by which an adult organism arises |
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| all information collected during sceintists investigation |
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| one, some or all of the five senses working to understand objects, or events |
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| technique of using a small part of something to represent the whole thing |
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| explanation of information, and data that can be tested |
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| statement made in advance that sates what will be obtained from the testing |
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| process of testing the hypothesis |
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| based on comparison between control group and experimental group |
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| broad, comprehensive statement on what is thought to be true |
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| instrument that produces an enlarged image of the object |
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| how much the object is being increased by |
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| (regular class microscope), to see small organisms and cells |
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| the platform on which the slide is placed |
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| lens positioned directly above the specimen |
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| lens directly under your eye (and the eyepiece) |
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| a beam of electrons produces an enlarged picture of the object |
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| scanning electron microscope |
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| Systeme International d'Unites |
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international measuring system
ex.) centimeters, kilogram |
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| anything that occupies space and has mass |
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| the quantity of matter an object has |
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pure substances that cannot be broken down into simpler kinds of matter
ex.) Ne (neon), F (fluorine) |
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| simplest part of an element that retains all the properties of the element |
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positive electrical charge
one unit of weight |
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no electrical charge
one unit of weight |
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| number of protons in an atom |
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same number of protons
negatively charged |
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| what electrons move around on outside of the nucleus |
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| pure substance made up of atoms from two or more elements |
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| atoms combining to make tehre energy levels full |
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| attachments between atoms |
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| when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
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simplest part of a substance that reatins all the properties of the substance
can exist in a free state |
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| atom or molecule with an electrical charge |
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| when ions are attracted to each other because of the charge |
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| the ability to do work or cause change |
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| energy that is availible for work |
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| shown on the left side of the equation |
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| shown on the right side of the equation |
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| chemical reactions that involve a net release of free energy |
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| chemical reactions that involve a net absorption of free energy |
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| the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction |
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| chemicals that reduce that amount of energy needed for a reaction |
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| an important class of catatlysts, each one made for a different chemical reaction |
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| when electrons are transferred between atoms |
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| a reactant gains one or more elctrons, becoming negative in charge |
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| when one or more substance are distributed into another substance |
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| substance dissolved in the solution |
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| substance in which the solute in dissolved |
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| measurement of the measurement of the amount of solute dissolved im a fixed amount of the solution |
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| no more solute can be dissolved |
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| solutions in which water is the solvent |
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| the breaking aprt of the water molecule into two ions of opposite charge |
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| the OH- ion, the negative part of the water molecule |
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| more hydronium ions than hydroxide ions |
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| more hydroxide than hydronium ions |
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| scale for comparing the concentrations of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions in a solution |
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| chemical substances that neutrilize small amounts of acids or bases added to a solution |
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where part of the molecule has a slightly negative charge, and another part has a slightly positive charge
ex.) WATER |
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| type of attraction that holds two water molecules together |
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| attractive force between particles of the same kind |
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| attractive force between unlike substances |
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| adhesion and cohesion working together to enable water molecules to move upaward against gravity |
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| compunds that contain carbon and are covalently bonded to other car atoms ans to other elements |
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| organic compound with a hydroxyl group attached to one carbon atoms |
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| complex molecules made up of repeated, linked units |
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| the chemical reaction that helps monomers link to polymers |
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| the breakdown of complex molecules |
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| ATP, adenosine triphosphate |
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| compunds that contain large amount of energy in their overall structure |
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| organic compunds made of carbon, hydrogen adn oxygen |
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| single chemical formula but different forms |
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| two monosaccharides combining in a condensation reaction |
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| complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharides |
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| organic compunds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen |
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building blocks of protien
20 amino acids |
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| two amino acids forming together |
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| in a condensation reaction, two amino acids forming a covalent bond |
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| very long amino acid chain |
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| unbranched carbon chains that make up fats (lipids) |
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| one end of the fatty acid that is water loving |
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| one end of a fatty acid chain that is 'water-fearing' |
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| composed of three fatty acide molecules joined to one alchohol glycerol |
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| two fatty acids joined to one molecule of glycerol |
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| molecules composed of four fused carbon rings with various functional groups attached |
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| stores and transfers information that is essential for maufacturing of protiens |
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linked monomers
made of the phosphate group, nitrogen-containing base. and a sugar |
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