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Biology test four
n/a
52
Biology
Undergraduate 2
05/09/2015

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Term
Digestion
Definition
the process of altering the chemical and physical composition of food so that it can be observed and used by the body
Term
where does digestion begin
Definition
the Mouth
Term
Large food molecules
Definition
polymer,proteins fats,starch
Term
Digestive enzymes
Definition
break into small food molecules for absarption
Term
Enzyme in the stomach what does stomach digest and what does It need to be active how is formed.
Definition
mixes food via churning musulantion, protein digest only pepsinogen(HCL)pepsin Protein pepsin=peptide,amino acid
Term
Enzyme in the mouth called and what does it digest
Definition
Paratides,sublingual,submandibular soften food and moistes it has mutes softening salvagase enzyme to digest starch
Term
What end products of the digestion of polymers, proteins carbohydrates, fats
Definition
Proteins--> amino acids.
Carbohydrates---> monosaccharides (Simple sugars).
Fats---> glycerol and fatty acids.
All produced by hydrolysis reactions.
Term
Contractions of digestive tract technical name
Definition
peristalsis
Term
What role does the liver play in digestion
Definition
Producing bile and detoxification are the important digestion
Term
The enzymes of the small intestine what do they digest what do they do
Definition
jejunum and ileum they digest fats proteins and CHO
Term
Function of the gall bladder
Definition
It stores bile from the liver.
Term
The digestive process what doe it involve
Definition
mouth,esophagus,stomach,small intestine,lungs,(digestive tract)liver gold bladder pancreas gland
Term
The different areas of the colon (large intestine)
Definition
The large intestine extends up on the right side (ascending colon), making a left turn past the liver and across (transverse colon), bending down at the spleen on the left (descending colon), looping to the middle (sigmoid colon) before passing through the rectum and out the anus.
Term
importance of fiber
Definition
keeps bowl movement regular promotes laxation source of vitamin k and b combine xs cholesterol
Term
Pancreas Gland what does it produce work on
Definition
Secrets Enzyme to digest starch fats , secrets akline solution to neutralize acid of phofchye produce insulin for sugar utilization, cholesterol crystals
Term
The important viatams to involve calcium
Definition
Vitamin D
Term
osteoporosis what nutrients are needed to prevent that
Definition
calcium,Vitamin D
Term
\What is a calorie
Definition
measure of heat energy in food,quick source of energy
Term
Different calories in protein fats and carbohydrates
Definition
proteins amino acids 4 cal/gm
lipids /fats hi energy 9 cal/gm
Term
Diseases of digestive system
Definition
colon cancer
Term
why are vitamins necessary for good health
Definition
they assist in the formation of hormones, red blood cells, nervous-system chemicals, and genetic material, parts of enzymes
Term

What vitamins can damage the liver if taken in excess    

Definition
Viatamin A
Term

How is the acid in stomach neutralized when it gets  in the small intestine

Definition
When food enters the stomach, the stomach releases acid to make the food acidic. The acidity is necessary for enzymes to work and for protection against invaders like bacteria. In the small intestine, the pancreas releases bicarbonate into the intestine to make the food slightly basic. This is necessary for enzymes in the small intestine to work. 
Term
Function of bile and where it comes from
Definition
  1. Assists with fat digestion and absorption in the gut.comes from the liver
Term

     The glands of the male reproductive system that secrets a sbubstance

Definition

Seminal Vesicles

Term
hormone responsible for testosterone production and makes mature sperm matic genesis
Definition

Spermatogenesis

Term

Asexual reproduction (examples)

Definition

Binary fussion 

spores

Plants

Term

  What structures produce testosterone

Definition
TESTES
Term
Spematoza
Definition
The part of the semen that is generative—can cause fertilization of the female ovum.

Term
What is causes for male secondary characteristics
Definition
 Diffrent levels of tetosterom 
Term

 Know the path of sperm after it leaves the testy

Definition

testes

epididymus

vas defres

ejacultory

prostate

uretha(penis)

Term

  What structure stores spermatozoa

Definition
epididymis
Term

 Structure and function of each sperm stage

Definition

 The sperm cell has three basic parts. The head contains the DNA to be injected into the ovum and also has chemotatic receptors for navigation towards the ovum. The Tail is at the other end and is a single flagella in healthy cells. This structure flips and twists in such a way as to propel the cell along. Finally between the two is the body of the cell which contains six mitochonria to power the movement of the flagella.

 

Term
The gland that neutralizes vaginal acidity
Definition
bulbourethral glands
Term

   Main events is Follicle phase in ovarian cycle

Definition

egg maturation

sunden increase in Lh

Corpus Luterum Development

Ovulation

Term

   What does corpus Latium produce

Definition
progesteron
Term

     What hormones began process to get egg ready for ovulation

Definition

LH surge

Corpus Luteum

Term

 Where does corpus Latium originate

Definition
Follice cycle
Term

     Where does egg enter after ovulation

Definition

fallopean tube

uterus

Term

    Basic function of birth control pill

Definition
Prevent the ovaries from releasing an egg every month (ovulation). This prevents pregnancy. 
-Minimize growth of the uterine lining, called the endometrium. This reduces or stops dysfunctional uterine bleeding (thick endometrial growth leads to heavy bleeding). 
-May cause you to have fewer menstrual periods if taken continuously for a long period of time. 
-May improve perimenopausal symptoms that are caused by fluctuating hormone levels. 
Term

 Function of Lh what does it do

Definition

Luteinizing hormone triggers ovulation[2] and development of the corpus luteum

Term

  What change in which hormone triggers ministration

Definition
Estrogen
Term

 What hormones prepare uterus for pregnancy

Definition
progesterom
Term

 Endometriosis what is the cause of that

Definition
the cause is not known
Term

  What hormone is the basis of the pregnancy test

Definition
hcg hormone human chorionic gonadotropin
Term

   What hormones during pregnancy inhibit uterine contractions but the release oft he fsh

Definition
progestorne
Term

 What hormone is responsible for labor

Definition
oxytocin
Term

What gland produces that oxytin

Definition
posterior pituitary gland(brain)
Term

1.     The different parts of the uteruois linging muscle layer and what is head what part of the uterus

Definition
  • the inner layer, called the endometrium, is the most active layer and responds to cyclic ovarian hormone changes; the endometrium is highly specialized and is essential to menstrual and reproductive function 
     
  • The middle layer, or myometrium, makes up most of the uterine volume and is the muscular layer, composed primarily of smooth muscle cells 
  • The outer layer of the uterus, the serosa or perimetrium, is a thin layer of tissue made of epithelial cells that envelop the uterus 
Term

what induces ovulation in Uterus

Definition
the outer layer
Term

the number of egg cells in females lifetime

 

 

Definition
400,000 
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