prokaryotic cells are small and lack a nucleus.

eukaryotic cells are large and possess a nucleus.

define organism

example

a complete and whole living thing

an individual

define negative feedback

is it good or bad for homeostasis

why or why not

balance

good for homeostasis

example: blood glucose

is positive feedback good or bad for homeostasis

why or why not

bad for homeostasis

oxytocin and contractions, necessary for life

example: childbirth

each cell can get bigger

cells can divide to form more cells

lack of brain activity

lack of response to a stimulus

observing

questioning 

reasoning

predicting

testing

interpreting

concluding

unintended results

accidental discoveries

pay

technology

random selection

large test groups

a treatment with no scientific basis

"sugar pill"

define demographics

example

characteristics of a population

age and sex

define cations (positive ions)

how are they created

formed by losing electrons

sodium ion

define anions (negative ions)

how are they created

formed by gaining electrons

chloride ion

define isotopes

example

formed by losing or gaining neutrons

hydrogen

ionic

covalent

hydrogen

retain the properties of their components

can be separated by ordinary means

pH below 7

the lower the pH the stronger the acid

found in stomach

speeds protein digestion

all have hydronium ion (H+)

alkaline substances

pH above 7

the higher the pH the stronger the base

all have hydroxide ion (OH-)

have a pH of 7

neutral substances

function in water balance and as electrolytes

define a buffer

example

substances that resist changes in pH

blood (hemoglobin)

acid+base=salt+water

acids neutralize bases and bases neutralize acids

why is carbon unique

list some properties of carbon

all life is carbon based

can form long chains

branched chains

ring

isomers

carbon

hydrogen

oxygen

what is a monosaccharide

list 3 examples

simple sugars

glucose

ribose

fructose

same number of elements

same kind of elements

different arrangements

what is a disaccharide

list 3 examples

made up of 2 monosaccharides

sucrose

lactose

maltose

saturated

unsaturated

trans

characteristics of saturated fats

examples

no double bonds

solid at room temp

animal origin

bad for vessels

butter

lard

tallow

characteristics of unsaturated fats

examples

at least 1 double bond

liquid at room temp

carcinogenic substances

olive oil

peanut oil

cottonseed oil

carbon

hydrogen

oxygen

nitrogen

amino acids

peptides

polypeptides

proteins

animal flesh

legumes (peanuts)

nitrogenous bases

phosphates

sugar

adenine

thymine

cytosine

guanine

AT TA

andy taylor

CG GC

cousin goober

adenine

uracil

cytosine

guanine

AU UA

uncle andy

CG GC

cousin goober

fat soluble

water soluble

stored by the body

usually not cooked out of food

A(night blindness)

D(bone development)

E(vessels)

K(blood clotting)

may be cooked out of food

may be needed on a daily basis

vitamin B

vitamin C

steroid

protein

calcium (Ca)

phosphorus (P)

what are electrolytes

list some examples

used in nerve conduction

sodium

potassium

calcium

carbon

hydrogen

nitrogen

oxygen

phosphorus

sulfur

first: 2

second: 8

third: 18

fourth: 32