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BIOLOGY TEST
STUDY GUIDE
64
Biology
9th Grade
04/26/2007

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Term
Absorb their food`
Definition
All fungi:

a. make their food
b. absorb their food
c. produce mushrooms
c. have chlorophyll
Term
Carry on photosynthesis
Definition
Fungi do NOT

a. carry photosynthesis
b. grow on their food souce
c. disgest food outside their bodies
D. absorb food through their cell walls..
Term
Are multicellular
Definition
Fungi resemble plants in that they both always

A. have stems.
b. grown from the ground
c. are multicellular
d. have cell walls
Term
Fruiting body
Definition
A mushroom is a fungal

a. fruiting body
b. lichen
c. mycorrhiza
d. yeast.
Term
Mycelium
Definition
The tangled mass that makes up the body of a fungus is the

a. hypha
b. rhizoid
c. mycelium
d. stolon
Term
Both sexually and asexually
Definition
Most fungi reproduce

a. asexually only
b. sexually only
c. both sexually and asexually.
d. by budding.
Term
Fuse
Definition
When hypae of opposite mating types meet, they first

a. enter mitosis
b. grow and develop
c. enter meiosis
d. fuse/
Term
sporangiophores
Definition
sporangia are found a the tops of specialized hyphae called

a. sporangiophores
b. mycelia
c. gametangia
d. stolons
Term
diploid
Definition
Only during a small part of their life cycles are most fungi

a. diploid
b. haploid
c. 1N
d. 3N
Term
Meiosis occurs
Definition
Which of the following processes is first to occur after the nuclei of opposite mating types fuse?

a. spores are produced
b. gametes are produced
c. mitosis occurs
d. meiosis occurs
Term
Mold
Definition
Dark fuzz that grows on bread is an example of

a. toadstool
b. spore
c. yeast
d. mold
Term
zygospores
Definition
in bread mold, haploid gametes are produced by the

a. gametangia
b. rhizoids
c. zygospores
d. sporangiophores
Term
Ascospores
Definition
The dry, powder yeast used to bake bread actually contains

a. zygospores
b. ascospores
c. condiia
d. sporangia
Term
oxygen
Definition
Yeast obtain energy by alcoholic fermentation is the absence of

a. moisture
d. cargon dioxide
c. oxygen
d. sugar
Term
Club fungi
Definition
mushrooms are classified as

a. common molds.
b. sac fungi
c. club fungi
d. imperfec fungi
Term
Ascus
Definition
Which structure is NOT found in a mushroom?

a. ascus
b. gills
c. cap
d. stalk
Term
Cap
Definition
in mushrooms, basidia are found in the

a. base
b. stalk
c. cap
d. root
Term
Mushrooms
Definition
Each of the following is an basidiomycete EXCEPT

a. shelf fungi
b. mushrooms.
c. puffballs.
d. cup fungi
Term
A secondar mycelium
Definition
in basidiomycetes, the primary mycelia of different mating tuypes fuse to form

a. a secondarly mycelium
b. haploid zygotes
c. gills
d. haploid nuclei of the same mating type.
Term
it is the souce of an antibiotic
Definition
Which statement about penicillin is correct?

a. it produces mushrooms
b. it causes bread to rise
c. it is the source of an antibiotic
d. it causes athlete's foot.
Term
Sexual reproduction
Definition
Penicillium may have evolved from an ascomycete that lost its ability to carry out______________.
Term
Sexual reproduction
Definition
Penicillium may have evolved from ascomycete that list its ability to carry out

a. asexual reproduction
b. sexual reproduction
c. spore formation
d. condidia formation
Term
Breaking down dead organisms
Definition
An important role of fungi is an ecosystem is

a. photosynthesis
b. breaking down dead organisms
c. making alcohol.
d, killing bacteria
Term
Plants
Definition
Millions of yhears ago, fungi might have been important to the success of

a. worms
b. grasshoppers
c. bacteria
d. plants
Term
saprobes
Definition
Fungi that absorb food from decaying organic matter are

a. parasites
b. saprobes
c. mutualists
d. autotrophs
Term
Both living and dead organisms
Definition
Fungi feed on

a. only living organisms
b. only dead organisms
c. both living and dead organisms
d. only other fungi
Term
Digestives enzymes
Definition
The breakdown of dead organisms is sped on by the fungal production of

a. alcohols
b. acids
c. digestive enzymes
d. recycled nutrients
Term
Fungus
Definition
The human disease ringworm is caused by

a. worms
b. bacteria
c. fungus
d. yeasts
Term
Bacteria
Definition
The groth of yeasts in moist regions of the body is kept in check by competition from

a. antibiotics
b. bacteria
c. rusts
d. mildews
Term
Ringworm and athletes foot
Definition
The fungus that forms a bycelium within the outlaters of the humanskin causes

a. ringworm and athletes foot
b. thrush and reproductive-tract infections
c. reproduct-tract infections and ringworm
d. athlete's foot and thrush
Term
Is carried by insects into wheat fields
Definition
Each of the following is true of wheat rust EXCEPT that it

a. is caused by basidiomycete
b. is carried by insects into wheat fields
c. is controlled by destroying barberry plants
d. produces two kinds of spores
Term
Lichen
Definition
Which of the folliwng is NOT a single organism:

a. rust
b. smut
c. yeast
d. lichen
Term
They are composed of an alga or a cyanobacterium and fungus living together
Definition
which statement about lichens is correct?

a. they are not tolerant of harsh conditions
b.they cannot make their own food
c. they grown only in soil
d. they are comosed of an alge or a cyanobacterium and a fungus living together
Term
Mutualism
Definition
the association of plants and fungi in mycorrhizae illustrates a type of relationship called

a. parasitism
b. mutualism
c. competition
d. parallelism
Term
Ascomycete
Definition
In most lichens, the fungus is a(an)
a. basidiomycete

b. zygomzcete
c. ascomycete
d. deuteromycete
Term
False

Eukaryatic
Definition
Fungi are PROKARYOTIC heterotrophs
Term
True
Definition
Fungi ABSORB their food
Term
False

Hyphae
Definition
In some fungi, the NUCLEI are divided by cross walls.
Term
False

Chitin
Definition
Fungal cell walls are composed of CELLULOSE.
Term
false

Hyploid
Definition
During most of the life cycle of a fungus, nuclei are DIPLOID
Term
True
Definition
In zygomycetes, the rootlike hyphae that anchor the fungus are called RHIZOIDS.
Term
False

Meosis
Definition
in zygomyetes, a germinating zygosphore undergoes MITOSIS and develops into a new individual
Term
True
Definition
Ascomycetes have a tough sac that contains SPORES
Term
True
Definition
Both the ascospores and condiia of ascomycetes are HAPLOID
Term
False

Deuteromycota
Definition
BASIDIOMYCETES resemble other fungal phyla but do not have a sexual cycle.
Term
True
Definition
Fungi recycle NUTRIENTS in all ecosystems
Term
True
Definition
Early fungi may have helped PLANTS obtain nutrients
Term
False

Plants
Definition
Mycorrhizae are beneficial associations of fungi and ANIMALS.
Term
True
Definition
Repeat infections by CANDIDA coud indicate a problem with the body's IMMUNE system
Term
False

Algae or cynbacteria
Definition
In lichens, a PLANT associated with fungus carries out photosynthesis
Term
Break down
Definition
Fungi _____________ their food outside their bodies then absorb it.
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
Chitin, the material that foms fungal cell walls, is a comples ______________.
Term
Asexual
Definition
_________reproductin takes place when cells or hyphae break off a fungus and begin to grow.
Term
Fruiting bodies
Definition
Fungal spores are produced in structures called____________.
Term
Zygotenucleus
Definition
When the hyphae of opposit mating types meet, each hypha form a ______________.
Term
Fuiting body
Definition
A zygomycete is a thick-walled zygote formed by a ___________.
Term
Gills
Definition
Spore-bearing strucures called basidia are found in the ________of mushrooms.
Term
Club
Definition
The basidiospores of ________ fungi are scatterd by the sind.
Term
Fruiting bodies
Definition
Fungal spores are produced in structures called____________.
Term
Sexual
Definition
Imperfrect fungi do not have a sexual phase.
Term
Phyla
Definition
If a sexual plhase were observed in a deuteromycete, it would probably be reclassified in anther __________.
Term
Enzymes
Definition
Fungi breakdown complex organic matter by releasing __________.
Term
Algae
Definition
The cyanobacterium or algar layer of the ____________when in fig 21-2 perfoms photosnthesis.
Term
Hyphae,they form a mycelia
Definition
What are the individual threads of a fungus called, and what structure do they form when they appear as a tangled mass?
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