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Biology Test Chapter 20
Biology flashcards
70
Biology
9th Grade
01/29/2008

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Term
[image]
Definition
Diptheria
Term
[image]
Definition
Bacteria of Turberculosis
Term
[image]
Definition
Pneumonia Bacteria
Term

[image]

Arrow: 

Definition

Bacteria of Blood Poisoning

Arrow: Streptococci

Term
[image]
Definition

Bacteria of Food Poisoning

 

Term

[image]

A:

B: 

Definition

Bacteria of Apple Fire Blight

A: a thick mass of the bacteria that causes this disease

B: a single one of the bacteria

     

Term

[image]

A:

B:

C: 

Definition

Bacteria of Potato Ring Rot

A: Healthy potato cells w/ starch grains inside

B: some of the bacteria that cause the potato ringrot

C: completely rotted cell 

Term
[image]
Definition
Thyphoid Fever Bacteria
Term

What are two of the best places for bacteria to grow ?

 

Definition
Bathroom or kitchen
Term
Most Bacteria need ? , ? , ? place to grow and multiply.
Definition
warm, dark, moist
Term

Bacteria which produce diseases are called what ?

 

Definition
pathogenic bacteria
Term

The bacteria which live in a high concentration of oxygen are called what ?

While those in a low concentration of oxygen are called what ?

 

Definition

aerobes

&

anaerobes 

Term

Most bacteria are ? and ?

THerefore, they need a host organism on which they may feed and grow. A few bacteria have the ability to make their own food by sythesizing sugar from raw materials. 

Definition
saprophytes and parasites
Term
Bacteria are killed by what ?
Name 6
 
Definition

1. direct sunlight

2. extreme heat or cold

3. too much oxygen

4. certain chemicals

5. dryness

6. various drugs

 

Term
Everyone comes in contact with harmful bacteria everyday. We get sick when conditions are right for bacterial growth and there is a high concentration of bacteria. When bacteria invade the body tissues, the condition is called what ? Harmful bacteria produce poisons called what? which destroy body tissues.
Definition

infections

&

toxins 

Term

What are the three types of bacteria called and their shapes ?

 

Definition

1. Bacilla - rod shaped

2. Coccil - round shaped

3. Spirilla - spiral shaped 

Term

What are the three natural lines of defense against diseases in the body and the extra 4th one ?

 

Definition

1. Skin, tears, stomach acid and mucous membranes

2. White corpuscles and fever (WhiteBlood Cells)

3. Antibodies 

Term

how many americans suffer from bacterial food poisoning ?

 

Definition
an estimated 5 million Americans
Term

What are some of the more publicized accounts between 1985and 1986 ?

 

Definition

Salmonellosis

botulism

Listeriosis 

Term
Diseases trasmitted by foods are from four major agents :
Definition

1. chemicals

2. bacteria

3. parasites

4. viruses 

Term

When does foodborne intoxication occur ?

 

Definition

with the ingestion of toxins formed by certain microorganisms such as bacteria, molds, and algae which can grow in food

 

Term
What is the most common foodborne intoxication ?
Definition
Staphylococcus aureus
Term
What causes gastroenteritis ?
Definition
bacillus cereus
Term
B. Cereus causes :
Definition

1. diarrhea

2. vomitting 

Term
what is the most severe of all bacterial foodborne illnesses ?
Definition
Botulism
Term

What foods are implicated in a majority of botulism cases ?

 

Definition
canned vegtables, fish, home canned fruit, and condiments
Term
Salmonellae accounts for more than ? percent of all cases of foodborne diseases in the united states.
Definition
40
Term

WHat are the foods most frequently associated with salmonellae ?

 

Definition

meat and poultry and milk

 

Term

What are the two most important ways to prevent foodborne illnesses ?

 

Definition

1. practice hygiene

2. prepare food fully

 

Term

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli bastroenteritis, a common foodborne illness, is known worldwide as travelers ... ?

 

Definition

turista

 

= diarrhea  

Term

how much does foodborne illnesses cost our country every year ?

 

Definition
$10 billion
Term
prevention of foodborne illnesses is a public health problem shared by :
Definition

1. regulatory agencies

2. food inspectors

3. consumers of food  

Term
much foodborne illness results from faulty :
Definition

1. poor personal hygiene

2. faulty sanitation 

Term
Anthrax
Definition
inhaling of spores
Term
bubonic plague
Definition
flea bite
Term
cholera     
Definition
drinking of bad water
Term
dental cavities
Definition
bacteria in mouth
Term
lyme disease
Definition
tick bite
Term
turburculosis
Definition
inhaling of t.b.
Term
typhus
Definition
flea bite or louse bite
Term
diptheria
Definition
airbourne
Term
syphilis
Definition
sexual contact
Term
tetanus
Definition
wound infection
Term
typhoid
Definition
food & water
Term
leprosy
Definition
personal contact
Term
gangrene
Definition
wound
Term
rocky mountain spotted fever
Definition
tick bite
Term
[image]
Definition

ribosome

DNA

cell membrane - brown

peptidoglycan - red

cell wall - purple 

outer membrane

Pili

flagellum 

 

Term
            INTERNAL:
 
Procaryotic - 1?
Eucaryotic - 2? 
Definition

1. lack cell nucleus

2. has a cell nucleus

Term
CELL SIZE
 
pro - 1 ?
euc - 2? 
Definition

1. 1-5 microns

2. 10-100 microns 

Term

MULTICELLULAR

 

pro 1

euc  2

Definition

1 single

2 mulitcellular 

Term

CHROMOSOMES

 

pro - 1

euc - 2 

Definition

1. single circular piece

2. linear piece (straight) 

Term

REPRODUCTION

 

pro - 1

euc - 2 

Definition

1. binary fission

2. mitosis 

Term

FLAGELLA

 

pro - 1

euc - 2 

Definition

1. simple structure

2. complex structure 

Term

METABOLIC

 

pro ? 

euc ?

Definition
7. Metabolic         Many                            Few
                          Processes                      Processes
                         Both Aerobic                   Mostly
                         & Anaerobic                    Aerobic
Term

bacteria can live where ?

 

Definition
in almost any environment
Term

how old are bacteria ?

 

Definition
3.5 billion years old
Term
movement =
Definition
FLAGELLA
Term
Nutrition
?
Definition
Mostly heterotrophic- use food produced by other organisms
Term

•    A bacteria that feeds on dead or decaying organic matter (cow) is called a what ?

 

Definition
Saprophyte
Term
•    ? = a saprophyte is and example of this
Definition
Decomposers
Term
Reproduction
•    Most reproduce very rapidly- ? how long ?
Definition
15 min
Term
Reproduction
•     ?  - Binary fission (Split in 2 Longitudeinally)
Definition
1. Asexual
Term
•  ? - Conjugation (DNA Exchange)
Definition
  2. Sexual
Term

BACTERIA DIES ??

howw

what does the body do ?

 

an antibody is a what ?

 

Definition
Inhibitors
•    1. Heat- Over 100 degrees (Pasteurization)
•    2. Cold- Below 80 Degrees
•    3. Predation- Something eating it
•    4. Lack of Food
•    Body Temperature = 98.6 = IDEAL
•    Fevers = to find homeostasis
•    An antibody is an inhibitor
Term

How Bacteria Affect Humans (Good)
4 things ?

 

Definition
•    Decomposer
•    Nitrogen Fixing
•    Manufacture food
•    Aides in digestion
Term
How Bacteria Affect Humans (Bad)
2 things ?
Definition
•    Cause disease
•    Contaminate Food
Term
Controlling Bacteria
3things ?
Definition
•    1. Sanitation
•    2. Vaccination
•    3. Antibiotics : 1928 Alexander Fleming Discovers Penicillin (British Bacteriologist)
Term
1928 who ? Discovers Penicillin (British Bacteriologist)
Definition
Alexander Fleming
Term
o    On December 25 you contracted a bacterial infection. You went to the doctor an she gave you a 10 day prescription of antibiotics. On January 24th you have another bacterial infection.
o    Question : Why should you not use the same antibiotic
Definition
o    REAL ANSWER :
•    1. You usually are given a antibiotic for at least 10 days. USE ALL OF THEM.
•    You shouldn’t use the same antibiotic, because it might cause harm to your body. Different bacteria require different antibiotics.
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