Term
|
Definition
| Number of Protons (on top) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Number of protons plus neutrons (on bottom) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Same number of protons and electrons, but different number of neutrons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An attraction between oppositely charged Ions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Forms when atoms share one ore more pairs of outer electrons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has opposite charges on opposite ends |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure of the hydrogen ion H+ concentration in a solution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large molecules made by stringing together many smaller molecules called monomers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Means to break with water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sugar polymers. Such as monosaccharides, dissaccharides |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Simple sugars cannot be broken by hydrolysis. Main fuel molecules for cell work, like other sugars. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| double sugar constructed of two monosaccharides through a dehydration reaction. Sugar. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| long chains of sugar units. Polymers of monosaccharides. Starch. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| organic compounds that are hydrophobic. includes fats |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fewer than the maximum hydrogens at bonding point |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contain maximum number of hydrogen atoms. Solid at room temperature. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| converting unsaturated fats to saturated fats in order to make some things solid at room temp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Such as cholesterol. Cholesterol is the "base steroid" from which your body makes other steroids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a polymer constructed from amino acid monomers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of central carbon atom bonded to four covalent bonds. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bond between adjacent amino acids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The resulting long chain after peptide bond
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| some unfavorable quality of the environment that causes protein to change shape |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specific DNA stretch that programs the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Monomers found on the nucleic acid polymer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adenine A, Thymine T, Guanine G cyosine C |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin outer membrane which regulates traffic of molecules between the cell and it's surroundings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region between nucleus and plasma membrane is cytoplasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dietary fats with two fatty acid tails. In plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| layer holds cells together in tissues, and it can also have protective and supportive functions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nucleus boarded by double membrane which has pores to allow certain materials pass in and out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a prominent structure within the nucleus where ribosomes are made |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| responsible for protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a wrapped fiber of chromatin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, the golgi apparatus, lysomones, and vacuoles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| produces enormous variety of molecules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| produce membrane proteins and secretory proteins. Has ribosomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lacks ribosomes. Synthesis of lipids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Receives, Refines, stores, and distributes chemical products of the cell. "The Warehouse" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sacs that bud from the ER, Golgi, or plasma membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick fluid within the chloroplast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| trap light energy and convert into chemical energy. Stacks of Stroma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the thick liquid found in mitochondria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The infoldings of the inner membrane found in mitochondria. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| muscle and skeleton of cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| straight hollow tubes made of proteins. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consists of organic model called Adenosine plus a tail of three phosphate groups. Phosphate does work. It is ADP when one phosphate leaves. It gains P back through cellular respiration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protein that speeds up chemical reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| total number of chemical reactions in an organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The reactant molecule recognized by the enzyme |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region on enzyme that has the shape to fit the substrate molecule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change of enzyme shape due to subtstrate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diffusion across a membrane. Big to small. No energy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where specific proteins that act as selective corridors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diffusion of water across membrane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| plant cell loses water, it shrivels, plasma membrane pulls away from cell wall |
|
|
Term
| Receptor-mediated endocytosis |
|
Definition
| specific. Triggered by binding of certain external molecules to specific protein receptors. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signal Transduction Pathway |
|
Definition
| Reception, Transduction, Response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of electrons during a redox reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acceptance of electrons during a redox reaction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chemical reactions that transfer electrons to substances
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| light absorbing organelles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| light absorbing pigment in the chloroplasts that plays a central role in converting solar energy to chemical energy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pores that take in CO2 and spit out O2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thick liquid in the inner membrane of chloroplast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interconnected membranous sacs in chloroplast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chlorophyll absorbs solar energy and converts solar energy to ATP and NADPH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uses light reactions to power the production of sugar from carbon dioxide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glycolosys
Pyravate oxidation-C02
Citric acid cycle
Ox. phosphorylation-O2 used |
|
|
