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Biology Semester 2 Final
Review
29
Biology
10th Grade
05/26/2017

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Term
Vaccine
Definition
A substance that is introduced into the body to produce immunity
Term
Guanine
Definition
A nitrogen base that forms hydrogen bonds with cytosine
Term
Cytosine
Definition
A nitrogen base that forms hydrogen bonds with guanine
Term
eukaryotic DNA
Definition
A long DNA molecule that has about 100 replication forks during replication
Term
double helix
Definition
Shape of a DNA molecule in which 2 strands of DNA are twisted around each other, like a winding staircase
Term
genetic engineering
Definition
Isolates a gene from one organism's DNA and recombines it with another organism's DNA
Term
vector
Definition
Can carry a DNA fragment into another cell
Term
cloning
Definition
Growing a large number of genetically identical cells from a single cell
Term
restriction enzymes
Definition
Used to cut DNA at specific sequences
Term
southern enzymes
Definition
Uses radioactively labels RNA or Single- stranded DNA as a probe to identify specific genes
Term
transgenic animal
Definition
An animal with foreign DNA in its cells
Term
protist
Definition
The first Eukaryotes
Term
insects
Definition
Most numerous group of animals
Term
reptiles
Definition
First to lay eggs with shells
Term
taxonomy
Definition
The science of classifying and naming organisms
Term
domain
Definition
The most inclusive classification of organisms
Term
phlogeny
Definition
An organism's evolutionary history
Term
convergent evolution
Definition
Similarities that evolve in organisms that are not closely related to one another
Term
gene flow
Definition
Results from immigration and emigration
Term
inbreeding
Definition
Increases the proportion of homo-zygote in a population
Term
genetic drift
Definition
Can result from a landslide or fire that leaves only a few survivors of a population
Term
natural selection
Definition
One of the most powerful agents of genetic change
Term
directional selection
Definition
Eliminates extremes from a range of phenotypes
Term
Malignant Melanoma
Definition
Increased incidences are a consequence of ozone depletion
Term
Scrubbers
Definition
A measure taken that has effectively reduced pollution
Term
CFCs
Definition
Chemicals that break down and destroy ozone
Term
aquifers
Definition
Porous rock reservoirs that store ground water
Term
DDT
Definition
Insecticide banned in the United States
Term
Carbon Dioxide
Definition
A greenhouse gas
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