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Biology Review Terms
Basic Definitions #2
11
Other
10th Grade
05/08/2016

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Term

PRIMARY STRUCTURE OF A

PROTEIN

Definition
  • THE ORDER OF THE AMINO ACIDS THAT MAKE UP THE PROTEIN
Term
SECONDARY STRUCTURE OF A PROTEIN
Definition
  • THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL ARRANGEMENT OF A PROTEIN CAUSED BY HYDROGEN BONDING AT REGULAR INTERVALS ALONG THE POLYPEPTIDE BACKBONE
Term

TERTIARY STRUCTURE OF A

PROTEIN

Definition
  • THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL ARRANGEMENT OF A PROTEIN CAUSED BY INTERACTION AMONG THE VARIOUS R GROUPS OF THE AMINO ACIDS INVOLVED
Term
QUATERNARY STRUCTURE OF A PROTEIN
Definition
  • THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE SEPARATE POLYPEPTIDE SUBUNITS INTO A SINGLE PROTEIN
Term
ENZYME
Definition
  • A PROTEIN THAT ACTS AS AN ORGANIC CATALYST TO SPEED UP REACTIONS BY LOWERING THE ACTIVATION ENERGY NEEDED FOR THE REACION TO TAKE PLACE
  • EFFECTIVENESS CAN BE AFFECTED BY TEMPERATURE, pH, THE CONCENTRATION OF SUBSTRATE INVOLVED, AND THE CONCENTRATION OF ENZYME INVOLVED
Term
pH NUMBER SCALE
Definition
  • RUNS FROM 1-14
  • 0 = STRONGLY ACIDIC
  • 7 = NEUTRAL
  • 14 = STRONGLY BASIC
Term
HYDROLYSIS REACTION
Definition
  • A REACTION THAT BREAKS DOWN COMPOUNDS BY THE ADDITION OF WATER
Term

DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS

REACTION

Definition
  • A REACTION IN WHICH TWO COMPOUNDS ARE BROUGHT TOGETHER WITH WATER RELEASED AS A PRODUCT
Term
ENDERGONIC REACTION
Definition
  • A REACTION THAT REQUIRES THE INPUT OF ENERGY TO OCCUR
Term
EXERGONIC REACTION
Definition
  • A REACTION THAT GIVES OFF ENERGY AS A PRODUCT
Term
REDOX REACTION
Definition
  • A REACTION INVOLVING THE TRANSFER OF ELECTRONS
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