Term
| Flammable materials, like alcohol, should never be dispensed or used near... |
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Definition
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Term
| If a laboratory fire erupts, immediately... |
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Definition
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Term
| Approved eye protection devices (such as goggles) are worn in the laboratory... |
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Definition
| any time chemicals, heat or glassware are used. |
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Term
| If you wear contact lenses in the school laboratory,... |
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Definition
| advise your science instructor that you wear contact lenses. |
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Term
| If you do not understand a direction or part of a lab procedure, you should... |
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Definition
| ask the instructor before proceeding. |
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Term
| After completing an experiment, all chemical wastes should be... |
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Definition
| disposed of according to your instructor’s directions |
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Term
| If a lab experiment is not completed, you should... |
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Definition
| discuss the issue with your instructor |
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Term
| You are heating a substance in a test tube. Always point the open end of the tube... |
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Definition
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Term
You are heating a piece of glass and now want to pick it
up. You should... |
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Definition
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Term
| You have been injured in the laboratory (cut, burn, etc.). First you should... |
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Definition
| tell the science instructor at once. |
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Term
| When gathering glassware and equipment for an experiment, you should... |
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Definition
read all directions carefully to know what equipment is necessary.
examine all glassware to check for chips or cracks.
clean any glassware that appears dirty. |
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Term
| Long hair in the laboratory must be... |
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Definition
| tied back or kept entirely out of the way with a hair band, hairpins, or other confining device |
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Term
| In a laboratory, the following should not be worn... |
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Definition
| loose clothing, dangling jewelry, and sandals. |
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Term
| The following footwear is best in the laboratory... |
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Definition
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Term
| Horseplay or practical jokes in the laboratory are... |
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Definition
| always against the rules. |
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Term
| If a piece of equipment is not working properly, stop, turn it off, and tell... |
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Definition
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Term
| If an acid is splashed on your skin, wash at once with... |
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Definition
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Term
| When you finish working with chemicals, biological specimens, and other lab substances, always... |
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Definition
| wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. |
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Term
| T-F: Hot glass looks the same as cold glass. |
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Definition
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Term
| T-F: All chemicals in the lab are to be considered dangerous. |
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Definition
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Term
| T-F: Return all unused chemicals to their original containers. |
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Definition
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Term
| T-F: Work areas should be kept clean and tidy. |
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Definition
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Term
| T-F: Pipets are used to measure and dispense small amounts of liquids. You should draw the liquid into the pipet using your mouth. |
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Definition
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Term
| T-F: Laboratory work can be started immediately upon entering the laboratory even if the instructor is not yet present. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| T-F: Never remove chemicals or other equipment from the laboratory. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| T-F: Chipped or cracked glassware is okay to use. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| T-F: Read all procedures thoroughly before entering the laboratory. |
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Definition
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Term
| T-F: All unauthorized experiments are prohibited |
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Definition
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Term
| T-F: You are allowed to enter the chemical preparation/storage area any time you need to get an item. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| T-F: Laboratory aprons should be worn during all lab activities. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| T-F: It’s okay to pick up broken glass with your bare hands as long as the glass is placed in the trash. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| T-F: Never leave a lit burner unattended |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What are the seven steps of the scientific method? |
|
Definition
1. Observe
2. Form Question or Problem
3. Get Information or Research
4. Hypothesis
5. Experiment (test hypothesis)
6. Observations
7. Conclusion |
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Term
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Definition
| A group used as a standard of comparison in a control experiment. Doesn’t change. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of subjects that are exposed to the variable of a control experiment. Goup where independent variable is changed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Variable that changes, and dependent on independent variable. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to test hypothesis. Method of answering questions. |
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Term
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Definition
| All information found. Qualitative or quantitative. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Something you can see, feel, smell, hear, or taste. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Major hypothesis. Idea that has withstood the test of time. Continues to be true. Can be changed (different from law). |
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Term
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Definition
| Theory of nature, CAN NOT CHANGE! |
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Term
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Definition
| What you change on purpose in the experiment. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the metric prefixes in order starting with giga, ending with femto |
|
Definition
| giga, mega, kilo, hecto, deca, (one), deci, centi, milli, micro, nano, pico, and femto. |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of life/ all living things |
|
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Term
| The 6 characteristics of life are: |
|
Definition
1. Cell structure
2. Organisms organization
3. Energy Use
4. Stability and Homeostasis
5. Growth
6. Reproduction |
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Term
|
Definition
| organism that makes it’s own food through chemosynthesis or photosynthesis; blue-green bacteria are autotrophs |
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Term
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Definition
| developmental process by which generalized cells become specialized in order to form such structures as the brain and spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| orderly, interrelated system of vital life processes of functions performed by a living organism; for example, different kinds of cells group together to make up structures with complex organization |
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Term
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Definition
| organism requiring complex organic molecules for energy, and that must feed on matter produced by other organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| deoxyribonucleic acid; forms genetic code of organisms; carries all of our genetic information; stores information |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which a cell divides to form two daughter cells. Upon completion of the process, each daughter cell contains the same genetic material as the original cell and roughly half of its cytoplasm. |
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Term
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Definition
| an increase in the amount of living material in an organism by cell division; a function carried out by all organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| series of changes an organism undergoes in reaching its final, adult form; one of four functions that distinguishes organisms as living creatures |
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Term
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Definition
| all chemical reactions that occur in an organism; includes, braking down food, releasing energy, and builds up cells |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to do work; the sun is source of all energy |
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Term
|
Definition
| steady state of the internal operation of a living organism regardless of external changes |
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Term
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Definition
| anything capable of carrying on the life processes of reproduction, growth, and development, homeostasis, and organization; more than 2 million organisms have been identified |
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Term
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Definition
| contain more than one cell |
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Term
|
Definition
| single celled organisms, consist of only one cell |
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Term
|
Definition
| single celled organisms, consist of only one cell |
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Term
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Definition
| is an instrument for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked or unaided eye. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The increase in the angle subtended by an object. See the tutorial on telescope function. |
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Term
|
Definition
| the image that you see when looking into a microscope. Can be clear or unclear. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Adjustable lens system that permits the use of:-Scanning lens (4x)-Low/medium-power lens (10x)-High-power lens (40x)-Oil immersion lens (100x) |
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Term
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Definition
| large, flat area under the objectives; it has a hole in it (see aperture) that allows light through; the specimen/slide is placed on the stage for viewing. |
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Term
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Definition
| controls amount of light coming through that aperture. |
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Term
|
Definition
| large, round knob on the side of the microscope used for focusing the specimen; it may move either the stage or the upper part of the microscope. |
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Term
| compound light microscope: |
|
Definition
| a microscope that uses two or more lenses or mirrors and a light source to magnify objects |
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Term
|
Definition
| small, round knob on the side of the microscope used to fine-tune the focus of your specimen after using the coarse adjustment knob. Used for high power. |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest component of an element that has all of it’s properties |
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Term
|
Definition
| a positively charged particle |
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Term
|
Definition
| a substance participating in a chemical reaction found at the beginning of a chemical reaction |
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Term
|
Definition
| the (substance) result in a chemical reaction |
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Term
|
Definition
| a state of matter that cant retain its shape and size (definite shape and volume) |
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Term
|
Definition
| a state of matter that has no definite shape or volume (takes shape of its container) |
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Term
|
Definition
| reusable protein that lowers the required activation energy and allows reactions to happen at the normal temperatures of cell (biological catalyst) |
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Term
|
Definition
| amount of energy needed to do work |
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Term
|
Definition
| amount of energy needed to do work |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| physical form of matter: solids, liquids, and gasses |
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Term
|
Definition
| state of matter that takes its shape of its container, but has a fixed volume |
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Term
|
Definition
| region outside the nucleus that hold electrons |
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Term
|
Definition
| indicates the number of hydrogen ions in a solution (scale of 0-14) |
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Term
|
Definition
| the substance dissolved by another substance to make a solid |
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Term
|
Definition
| dissolves another substance |
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Term
|
Definition
| solution with a pH < 7 -higher concentration of hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions |
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Term
|
Definition
| solution with a pH > 7 -higher concentration of hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions –accepts protons |
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Term
|
Definition
| a particle having no charge/ in nucleus/ weighs same as a proton |
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Term
|
Definition
| having a negative charge/ in energy orbital of atom/ lightest particle of atom |
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Term
|
Definition
| a chemical bond between two ions with opposite charges/ atoms transfer electrons/ formed between a metal and a non-metal |
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Term
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Definition
| substance with two or more different elements combined chemically |
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Term
|
Definition
| when atoms combine by sharing electrons/ formed between two non-metals |
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Term
|
Definition
| combination of two or more atoms joined by a covalent bond |
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Term
|
Definition
| a charged atom resulting from an atom’s loss or gain of one or more electrons |
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Term
|
Definition
| substance composed of only one type of atom/ cannot be broken down/ distinguished by number of protons |
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Term
|
Definition
| a homogeneous mixture of different substances in which every part of the mixture is the same |
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Term
|
Definition
| a table arranging and classifying elements in order of atomic number, also tells chemical symbols and atomic mass |
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Term
|
Definition
| substance made by combining 2 or more compounds/ not chemically bonded |
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Term
|
Definition
| same as a solution/ same amount of particles throughout mixture/ mixture of two or more substances |
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Term
|
Definition
| unevenly distributed throughout mixture/ mixture of two or more substances |
|
|
Term
| what are the six elements found in all living things? |
|
Definition
| hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. |
|
|
Term
| the atomic number for carbon is 6. Therefore, the number of protons in carbon is... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| name a particle found in the nucleus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the maximum number of electrons that han be held in an atom's energy level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| water, is an example of a... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the energy that is available to use any time |
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Term
|
Definition
| the amount of energy needed to start a reaction |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| reactions that release energy. |
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Term
|
Definition
| reactions the require energy. |
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Term
|
Definition
| reaction in which a substance loses electrons. |
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Term
|
Definition
| the same as an oxidation reaction |
|
|
Term
| The state of matter in which particles move most rapidly is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Every chemical reaction involves a... |
|
Definition
transfer of energy from one form to
another. |
|
|
Term
| _________ reduce the activation energy needed for a reaction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In chemical reactions, the number of each kind of atom in the reactants is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
__________ involve the transfer of electrons
between atoms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a sugar (like sucrose or fructose) that does not hydrolyse to give other sugars; the simplest group of carbohydrates |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| One of two or more substances composed of the same proportions of elements but differing in some aspect of structure |
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Term
|
Definition
| uneven pattern of charges due to an unequal sharing of electrons in the covalent bond |
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Term
|
Definition
| attraction of same material |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| attraction between unlike bodies that acts to hold them together |
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Term
|
Definition
| complex molecule made up of smaller components linked together |
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Term
|
Definition
| biological catalyst that lowers the activation energy in a reaction |
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Term
|
Definition
| large biological molecule that has more hydrogen than oxygen and is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. It is NON POLAR and does NOT dissolve in water |
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Term
|
Definition
| any of a group of long, linear macromolecules, either DNA or various types of RNA, that carry genetic information directing all cellular functions: composed of linked nucleotides |
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Term
|
Definition
| the movement of water through narrow tubes against the force of gravity |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| certain type of functional group that joins a carbohydrate (sugar) molecule to another, which may be another carbohydrate |
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Term
|
Definition
| covalent bond between amino acids |
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Term
|
Definition
| Water loving -- like a sponge |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Water hating -- plastic for example |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| one of the building blocks of proteins |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| means an organic mixture or compound with low melting point and high molecular weight, which is solid at room temperature. Waxes are generally similar in composition to fats and oils except that they contain no glycerides |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A steroid is a terpenoid lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton with four fused rings, generally arranged in a 6-6-6-5 fashion |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a carboxylic acid (an acid with a -COOH group) with long hydrocarbon side chains |
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Term
|
Definition
| An atom or group of atoms in an organic molecule that give it a particular property or characteristic |
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Term
|
Definition
| a group of cells with a related function |
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Term
|
Definition
| a structure of 2 or more tissues that work together to carry out a specific function. |
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Term
|
Definition
| a set of organs that work together to perform a function. |
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Term
|
Definition
| a living thing composed of groups of organ systems. |
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Term
|
Definition
| the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in a cell. |
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Term
|
Definition
| a relationship of one type of organism with another. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a complex cell containing membrane bound organelles |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a simple cell with no membrane bound organelles or nucleus. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Cells are the basic unit of structure for every living thing
Every living thing is composed of cells
All cells come from preexisting cells by division. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the basic structural unit of all living things |
|
|
Term
| What piece of equipment enables us to view cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was the first person to view nonliving plant cells? Because it was a dead cell, what was not visible? |
|
Definition
| Robert Hooke viewed plant cells in cork wood. Because it was dead the cell membrane is not visible. |
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|
Term
| Who was the first person to observe living cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What functions must a unicellular cell carry out that most multicellular cells of an organism would not? |
|
Definition
| All unicellular cells must be able to perform all the functions necessary for life because it is only 1 cell, unlike the multicellular cells; these cells have the ability to carry out very basic functions but each cell does not have to be equipped to do everything. |
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|
Term
| What is a specialized cell? |
|
Definition
| Specialized cells are cells that are adapted for specific functions; and they are dependent on one another. They often have shapes or sizes that enable each type of cell to perform its function more efficiently. Examples: skin cells, nerve cells; blood cells, etc. |
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|
Term
| What does a nerve cell do and how would you expect it to look? |
|
Definition
| A nerve cell is grouped into tissues that extend throughout your body to carry messages to and from your brain from one part of your body to another. I would expect the nerve cells to look like a zig-zag type of cell pattern throughout the body extending from the brain and to all parts of the body. |
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Term
| What are the levels of organization of cells from smallest to largest? And what is the difference between each level? |
|
Definition
| The levels of organization are cell, tissue, organ, system, organism and community. Each level involves interdependence with the other levels. Cells form tissues, tissues work together to form organs; organs work together to form systems; systems form organisms and organisms work together to form communities. |
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|
Term
| What do we find inside the cell in the cytoplasm? |
|
Definition
| Inside the cytoplasm we find about 70% water and 30% proteins, fats, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and ions. The exact composition of cytoplasm varies from cell to cell and is always changing because the substances it is made of are constantly involved in chemical reactions. |
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