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| Define anatomy and physiology, explain how they are related. |
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Definition
Anatomy is the structure and relationship of body parts, tissues and cells.
Physiology is the function of the body parts
They are very intertwined. |
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| List and describe 10 major characteristics of higher life forms |
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- move
- reproduce
- grow
- respond to stimulus
- respire
- excrete stuff
- digest food
- absorb products and digest
- circulate blood
- assimilate food products
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| Distinguish viruses from prions. |
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Definition
viruses adopt a crystalline type of structure.
prions--> transmissible agents in nervous diseases. Pathogenic forms of normal cells that have been modified, they reproduce by altering the shape of normal protiens |
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| Who wrote the first anatomy text book, and blood circulation book? |
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| Andreas Vesalius and William Harvey |
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| Name the 4 most important needs for humans. |
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Definition
1. food
2. water
3. oxygen
4. warmth
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| explain the concept of homeostasis. |
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| ability to regulate the body's internal functions after detecting deviation from the norm. |
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| name 6 factors that are under homeostasis regulation. |
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- body temperature
- oxygen level in tissue and blood
- pH of blood
- salt content
- metabolic waste product levels.
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| define and give an example of negative feedback. |
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Definition
change that provokes change in the opposite direction to help it get back to its normal level.
e.x temperature of body. when its too hot causes sweating, which causes the body to go back to normal. |
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| 5 levels of organization in the body. |
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Definition
- molecules
- cells- made up of molecules
- tissue- made up of cells
- organs- made up of tissue
- systems- organs with the same function
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| state what homeotic (hox) genes do. |
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Definition
| plays a key role in skelatal development. special family gene that pays a key role in evolution and what the final adult may look like. |
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| what are the major organs systems,and what make them up? |
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Definition
- integumentary- body covering. ex. skin and hair
- skeletal system- support, protection, movement.
- muscular system
- nervous system- integration and coordination.
- endocrine system
- digestive system- processing and transporting.
- respiratory system
- circulatory system
- lymphatic system- spleen, lymphatic nodes
- urinary system
- reproductive system- reproduction
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| correctly use the terms that describe relative positions |
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superior/inferior- towards the head, away from head
anterior/posterior- front, back while standing
medial/ lateral- towards the midline, towards the side
proximal/distal- towards main mass of body/ away main mass
superficial/deep- towards surface, away from surface
central/peripheral-brain+spinal, everything else. |
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Regions of the body.
acromial. |
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| space in front of elbow, where blood is drawn. |
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- saggital- divides the body into left and right portions.right down the middle, between the eyes.
- transverse- cuts the body horizontally at waist.
- coronal plane- divides the body into posterior and anterior |
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| invasive techniques exploring the body. |
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Definition
Basically look into the body by opening it up.
- endoscopy- endoscopes placed into body, and carries camera, and light.
- cut open the regions.
- biopsy
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| non- invasive techniques include (4) |
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- x-rays
- CT, CAT scans
- PET scans
- MRI scans |
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