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| individuals in the population are genetically better suited to compete for resources |
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| individuals that have the genes that make them the best adapted to a particular set of conditions |
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| differential reproductive success |
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Definition
| more fit organisms will reproduce more than the less fit organisms |
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| mutation is present in a single copy |
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| result of informal observation passed from one generation to the next |
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Definition
| organized study of animal behavior |
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| describes the responses of an organism to signals from its environment |
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Definition
| behavior patterns which are inborn and genetically programmed, involves no learning |
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Definition
| behavior patterns acquired by the organism as a result of experience, acquired a predictable response to a given stimulus |
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Definition
| allows an organism to ignore repeated stimuli that are not followed by something which is either beneficial or detrimental |
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| instinctual response in which an animal moves either toward or away from a stimulus |
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| sensory cue which triggers behaviors |
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| agents that speed the rate of a mutation |
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Definition
| changes that occur to the DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| provide an advantage to certain individuals carrying certain genes |
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Definition
| changes to the population over many generations |
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Definition
| survival of your genes, passing them onto the next generation |
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Definition
| males and females have very different appearances |
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Definition
| social ranking system where animals know their place in the group |
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Definition
| eukaryotic cell division, for growth, replacement of cells and repair of tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic material of the cell |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lack of regulation of the cell cycle |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA occurs on these special linear structures |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 copies of chromosomes are joined together at special region of the chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 DNA double helices that compose the chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| cytoplasm pinches in and forms two daughter cells |
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Term
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Definition
| region of new membranes and new cell wall material that forms in the middle of the cell and moves outward |
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Term
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Definition
| simply a region of DNA on the chromosome that has information to produce a single protein and typically influences a single trait |
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Definition
| somatic cell that contains all of its chromosome pairs, each chromosome is represented by 2 copies |
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Definition
| different version of genes |
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Definition
| allele that can mask the presence of another |
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Definition
| allele that is hidden (only seen if both inherited alleles are recessive) |
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Definition
| genetic make up of an individual |
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| 1 dominant and 1 recessive allele |
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| physical appearance or behavior of an individual |
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Definition
| red blood cells have markers on their cell membranes called |
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Definition
| individuals that have at least one of the dominant alleles for the Rh factor |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals must have two recessive alleles for the Rh factor |
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Term
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Definition
| 44 chromosomes of a human that do not code for sexual characteristics |
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Term
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Definition
| traits that are inherited by genes on the sex chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| males can only receive one allele and so they show that allele (y chromosome) |
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Term
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Definition
| cause the formation of an allele that makes an organism better fit to survive than the original allele |
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Term
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Definition
| cause the formation of an allele that may diminish the survival of the organism |
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Term
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Definition
| cause the formation of an allele that is no different from the original and therfore does not change the fitness of the organism or its survival |
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Definition
| any substance that can cause a mutation |
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Term
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Definition
| any substance that can cause a mutation |
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Term
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Definition
| mutations induced must be so serious that the organism can't continue to live |
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Definition
| loss of pigment, mutated cells los the ability to form pigment; these cells divide and form white colonies |
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Term
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Definition
| use of living things to solve problems or make useful items |
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Term
| recombinant DNA technology |
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Definition
| joining of DNA from two different sources |
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Term
| single nucleotide polymorphism |
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Definition
| one nucleotide that is different in the sequence of the tasting versus non-tasting allele |
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Term
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Definition
| bacteria produce these enzymes for the purposes of cutting DNA of other organisms in the environment in order to protect themselves |
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Definition
| method for separating DNA pieces based on their size |
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