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Biology I w/lab
Biology I w/lab Unit 4 test
32
Biology
Not Applicable
11/06/2019

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Term
stay small
Definition
In order for a cell to survive it must maintain a high area/volume ratio
Term
Born, work, divide, die (Apoptosis)
Definition
A cell's life
Term
2 genetically identical cells
Definition
Dividing produces...
Term

Repair/Replacement

 

Pass information to next generation

 

growth

Definition
Other reasons for cell to divide
Term
Mitosis and Meiosis
Definition
What are the two types of cell division?
Term

Nerve cells

 

Skeletal muscle

 

Red Blood Cells

Definition
Which cells do not divide
Term
Nucleus
Definition
What part of the cell is the most important in cell division?
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition

What type of cell carries this kind of DNA content?

 

DNA- single, circular molecule

 

DNA- tightly twisted and folded into compact package

Term
Eukaryotes
Definition

What type of cell contains this kind of DNA content

 

Contains much more DNA

 

Multiple chromosomes

 

Found in nucleus

Term
Chromosomes
Definition
Structures that contain genes
Term
46
Definition
How many chromosomes do humans have
Term
Gene
Definition
A portion of a DNA molecule that contains the necessary information to make a protein
Term
Chromatin
Definition

What type of Chromosome structure is long, uncoiled structures that occur during interphase

 

Term
Chromatid
Definition
a single DNA molecule containing identical sets of information
Term
Centromere
Definition
Point where two chromatids are attached
Term

1. Single Parent

2. Offspring have hereditary traits identical to single parent

3.Rapid

4. Very efficient

5. Mitosis is basis

6. Genetic uniformity (clones)

Definition
What are the 6 characteristics of Asexual reproduction?
Term

1. Two parents

2.Gametes figure to form a zygote

3. Slower

4. Inefficient

5. Meiosis is basis

6. Genetic variability (genetic diversity)

Definition
Name the 6 characteristics of sexual reproduction
Term
Gametogenesis
Definition
Another name for Meiosis
Term
Gametes
Definition
What are sperm and egg/plant spores called
Term
Haploid cells
Definition
contain only one member of each homologous chromosome pair
Term
Diploid cells
Definition
Contain both members of a homologous pair
Term
Meiosis
Definition
Formation of sex cells
Term
Spermatogenesis
Definition
formation of 4 sperm cells
Term
Oogenesis
Definition
formation of 1 egg cell and 3 polar bodies
Term

1. In somatic tissue

2. Produce somatic cells

3. One division per cycle

4. Diploid to Diploid

5.Basis for asexual reproduction

Definition
Name the 5 characteristic of Mitosis
Term

1. In reproductive organs

2. Produce gametes

3. Two divisions per cycle

4. Diploid to Haploid

5. Basis for sexual reproduction

Definition
Name the 5 characteristics of Meiosis
Term
Fertilization
Definition
the fusion of the egg and sperm nuclei
Term
the diploid to chromosome number
Definition
Fertilization re-establishes...
Term
zygote
Definition
What cell is formed by fertilization
Term
topoisomerases
Definition
prevents tangling of the two strands as they unwind
Term
single-strand binding proteins
Definition
stabilizes the two strands and keeps them from reforming during replication
Term
codons
Definition
groups of 3 nucleotides
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