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the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
-Simplest type of passive transport
-Driven by Kinetic Energy |
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| The concentration of molecules across a space |
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Concentration of molecules of substance is the same throughout a space
Consists of random movement of molecules
diffusion across membranes- dependant on size and type of molecule |
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process by which water molecules diffuse ACROSS A CELL MEMBRANE from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Does not require cells to expand energy
Passive transport |
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| concentration outside the cell is LOWER than the concentration in the cytosol |
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| Concentration outside the cell is HIGHER than the concentration in the cytosol |
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| Concentration fo solutes outside and inside the cell are equal- no movement of water |
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Organelles that remove water
Cells that function in hypotonic environments |
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| Pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall (hypotonic environments) |
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cells shrink away from the cell walls-water leaves the cells through osmosis (hypertonic environment)
Causing plants to wilt |
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Movement of molecules across cell the cell membrane is assisted by specific proteins (Carrier Proteins) in the membrane
High to Low concentration- no additional energy needed
Ion channels- membrane proteins |
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| Are not soluble in lipids-Passive Transport |
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Cells move materials up their concentration gradient t an area of higher concetration
Requires cells to expand energy |
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| a carrier protein transports Na+ ions and K+ ions up their concentration gradients |
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| Many animals cells have a high concentration of |
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| Na+ ions outside the cell and a higher concentration of K+ ions outside the cell |
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| works to maintain these concentration differences |
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| the process by which cells ingest external fluids (large particles) |
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| Membrane-compound organelle |
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| Involves the transport of solutes or fluids |
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| is the movement of large particles or whole cells |
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| Many unicellular organells feed by |
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| bacteria and viruses are sometimes ingested by |
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| Vesicles in the cytoplasm fuse with the cell membrane releasing their contents into the cell's external environment |
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| release large molecules such as proteins out of cells |
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