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| Center of the atom- contains the protons/neutrons in cells,contains the cell's genetic materials and controls the cell's activities |
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| Negatively charged particle, located outside the atomic nucleus |
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| Atom of an element that has a number of neutrons different from that of other atoms of the same element |
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| Substance formed by the chemical combination of 2 or more elements of indefinite proportions. |
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| Bond formed when one one or more electrons are transferred from 1 atom to another |
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| Atom that has a positive or negative charge |
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| Bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms |
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| Smallest unit of most compounds |
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| Compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms- major source of energy for the human body |
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| Attraction between molecules of the same substance |
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| Attraction between molecules of different substances in plants, attraction between unlike molecules |
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| Material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined |
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| mixture of 2 or more substances in which the molecules of of the substances are evenly distributed |
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| substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution |
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| energy needed to get a reaction started |
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| Mixture of water and dissolved materials |
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| measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution |
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| compounds that form hydrogen ions [H+] in a solution |
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| compound that reproduces hydroxide ions [OH+] in a solution |
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| weak acid or base that can react with strong acids or bases to help prevent sharp, sudden change in pH |
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| small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers |
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| Large compound formed by many monomer combinations |
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| Large macromolecule formed from monosaccharides |
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| Macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes |
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| Macromolecule containing hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus. |
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| Single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose |
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| Nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose |
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| Compound with an amino group (-NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end |
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| Process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals |
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| Substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
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| Protein that acts as a biological catalyst |
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