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Biology Flashcard
Genetics
23
Biology
9th Grade
04/17/2013

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Term

Gene 

Definition

molecular unit of heredity of a living organism.

Term

Chromosome 

Definition
An organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells.
Term

Allele

Definition
one of number of alternative forms of gene or genetic locus.
Term

Genotype

Definition
Genetic makeup of a cell or an organisms.
Term

Phenotype

Definition
The composite of an organisms observable characterstics or traits.
Term

Gamete

Definition
A cell that fuses with another cell during fertilization in organisms.
Term

Punnet Square

Definition
Shows all the possible combinations of breeding experiment.
Term

Random Segregation

Definition
It occurs during the process of meiosis when 2 chromosomes are distributed to the gamete.
Term

Crossing Over

Definition
When 2 homologous chromosomes come together during meiosis.
Term

Independent Assortment

Definition
The alleles independently assort of 1 another during the process called gamete.
Term

Fertilization

Definition
The process of fertilizing a egg,animal or a plant.
Term

Dominant

Definition
The gene that is more likely to be seen and expressed than a recessive gene.
Term

Recessive

Definition
Where the gene that is not tangible or seen.
Term

Homozygous

Definition
An organism that has 2 identical allesles from a trait.
Term

Heterozygous

Definition

An organism that has different alleles

Term

Autosomal Inheritance

Definition

An abnormal gene or mutation that you get from a parent to inheriit diseases.

Term

Meiosis

Definition

Speical type of cell division necsscary  for sexual reproduction

Term

Zygote 

Definition

The initial cell formed with two gamete cells are joined by means of sexual reprouduction.

Term

X-Linked Inheritance 

Definition

 

A mode of inheritance in which a mutation in a gene on the X-Chromosome 

Term

Complete Domiance 

Definition
Domiant gene where it completly covers the recessive gene .
Term

Codominance 

Definition
Single gene has more than one dominant allele.
Term

Incomplete Dominance 

Definition
Inheritaince in which one allele for a speical trait is not completely dominant over the other allele .
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