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biology final
quiz me set
42
Biology
Graduate
12/12/2014

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Term
To what domain do you belong
Definition
Eukarya
Term
what kingdom are humans
Definition
animilia
Term
what is significant about animlia kingdom
Definition
your cells have a nucleous that contains genetic material
Term
what is a hydrogen bond
Definition
a weak bond between partial positive and partial negative atom in a neighboring molecule. The hydrogen is usually partially positive
Term
Where is most energy used in the Calvin cycle
Definition
in the conversion of PGA to G3P
Term
which of these phases between mitosis and meiosis are the most different
Definition
anaphase and anaphase 2
Term
a basic difference between a prokaroytic cell and a eukaryotic cell is that the prokaroytic cell
Definition
lacks a nucleus
Term
organelles in order
Definition
nucleus, rough ER Golgi apparatus, vesicle
Term
the human genome consists of how many choromosome and break it down
Definition
46, 22 autosomes and one sex choromosome
Term
what is the difference between an organic and inorganic compound
Definition
organic contain carbon and hydrogen inorganic dont
Term
what is a feature of all cells
Definition
all cells have a plasma membrane
Term
The products of photosythensis are
Definition
glucose and oxygen
Term
what is the purpose of the electron transport chain
Definition
To use energy from the passing of electrons in electron carriers into a high concentration of hydrogen ions
Term
What is the purpose of fermentation?
Definition
to convert NADH back into NAD+ which is necessary to perform glycosis
Term
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate polymer?
Definition
monosaccharide
Term
Which of the following reactions could be coupled with the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate?
Definition
the breakdown of sugar into water and carbon dioxide
Term
Which basic property of a single water molecule accounts for all of its special features, including adhesion and cohesion, its ability to act as a solvent, and its high specific heat?
Definition
the polar nature of water
Term
What is the purpose of mitochondria?
Definition
Mitochondria produce ATP using the energy in food.itochondria don't simply produce energy in a raw form. They take the energy from food and convert it into a more useful form, ATP.
Term
How do the terms "natural selection" and "evolution" compare?
Definition
Natural selection is a force that causes evolution.
Term
How does the process of evolution take place?
Definition
Evolution results from natural selection preserving mutations that result in adaptations of a species to the environment, which help that species to survive and reproduce.
Term
Why do chloroplasts make energy carriers during the light reactions?
Definition
to provide energy for the synthesis of sugar
Term
Which of the following is true about catalysts?
Definition
Catalysts lower the activation energy of an exergonic reaction.
Term
Which of the following events occurs during prophase?
Definition
he spindle microtubules form.
Term
Which type of transport requires assistance from membrane proteins, but no energy?
Definition
facilitated diffusion
Term
Which direction is water most likely to move?
Definition
Water will move out of a hypotonic solution into a hypertonic solution.
Term
Why are hydrophobic molecules such as fats and oils unable to dissolve in watery solutions?
Definition
Hydrophobic molecules are nonpolar, so they can't form hydrogen bonds with water. Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other, excluding the hydrophobic molecules.
Term
What is the monomer of a protein?
Definition
amino acids
Term
Which specific structure must separate during anaphase in order for sister chromatids to begin moving toward opposite poles?
Definition
centromeres
Term
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Definition
Unsaturated fats contain double bonds.
Term
What is the difference between cilia and flagella?
Definition
Cilia are much shorter than flagella.
Term
What is the ratio of phenotypes in the offspring produced by the cross Aa x Aa? Assume complete dominance for the trait.
Definition
75% dominant:25% recessive
Term
Where is the most energy used in the Calvin cycle?
Definition
in the conversion of PGA to G3P
Term
What property of an atom determines which element it is?
Definition
the number of protons
Term
What is the relationship between the template strand and the mRNA transcribed from it?
Definition
The mRNA is complementary and runs in the reverse direction relative to 5( and 3(.
Term
How does RNA polymerase know where to start transcribing a gene?
Definition
RNA polymerase binds to the promoter of the gene.
Term
During translation, which component is directly responsible for reading the sequence of nucleotides and translating it into a sequence of amino acids?
Definition
tRNA
Term
Which anticodon would match the codon AAG?
Definition
UUC
Term
What type of mutation is caused by adding one nucleotide into the middle of a sequence?
Definition
insertion
Term
What does it mean if a gene is "expressed"?
Definition
It is transcribed and translated.
Term
Which of the following events occurs during transcription?
Definition
A molecule of RNA is formed based on the sequence of nucleotides in DNA
Term
Which of the following is a correct statement about mRNA?
Definition
mRNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm following RNA processing
Term
Which of the following does not occur during RNA processing?
Definition
mRNA attaches to the small subunit of a ribosome.
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