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Definition
evolving to look like another organism to resist predation
ex: a stick-bug |
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protective coloration
ex: polar bear |
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plant response towards light
ex: stalks, leaves, stems |
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plant response towards gravity
ex: roots |
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plant reponse towards touch
ex: vines |
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directed movement
hint: a taxi is directly driven by a driver |
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movement in response to chemicals
ex: sperm |
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movement in response to light
ex: planaria |
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automatic response
ex: knee-jerk |
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visual/social behavior of a newborn animal
ex: baby ducks following a mama duck |
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behavior one is born with
ex: baby turtles know to go to the ocean |
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| innovation; complex “thinking” behavior (invention of tools) |
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| something that provokes a response (light) |
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| behavior initiated by a stimulus (iris constriction) |
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| day and night patterns of behavior (owls) |
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| mass movement of organisms from one environment to another (birds fly south for winter) |
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organism behavior to cool off during excessive heat
estivate what makes you sweat. |
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| slow body functioning at various times (bears) |
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| mate seeking behavior (bird songs, firefly twinkling) |
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| world famous chimp researcher |
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| positive (+) charged particle |
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Definition
negative (-) charged particle
hint: elections |
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need four bonds
hint: car has four wheels |
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needs two bonds
hint: two nostrils to take in oxygen |
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needs one bonds
hint: Hi! is one syllable. |
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needs three bonds
hint: want to stay out at night until 3 |
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| breaking bonds by adding water |
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| making bond by removing water |
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| sharing electrons (water) |
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Definition
stealing electrons (salt)
hint: ironic; who wants to steal salt? |
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| made of amino acids (hormones, enzymes, hemoglobin, cell-cell communication, pigmentation, muscles) |
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| made of sugars (cell wall, starch, food) |
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| made of fatty acids (fats, oils) |
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Definition
| made of nucleotides (DNA, RNA) |
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| control center of the cell |
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Definition
| surrounds all cells; allows material in and out; maintains homeostasis |
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Definition
| also surrounds plant cells and bacterial cells; structure and support |
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| powerhouse of the cell; uses sugar for power |
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Definition
| storage area in cells; very large in plant cell |
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Definition
| contain chlorophyll; used for photosynthesis |
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Definition
make the proteins; found on the ER
(er: endoplamsic reticulum) |
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Definition
| organism without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles (bacteria, small); DNA is circular or ring (O-shaped) |
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Definition
organism with a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles (everything else, large); DNA is in chromosomes (X-shaped)
eu: good |
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Definition
| movement of molecules from and area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (perfume) |
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Definition
| movement of water from and area of high concentration to an area of low concentration (seaweed wraps) |
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Definition
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Definition
uses energy or ATP to move molecules across the semi-permeable membrane
hint: you're active and use energy |
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Definition
| uses no energy or ATP to move molecules across the semi-permeable membrane |
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Definition
| proteins that either break things or make things (specific: lactose is broken down exclusively by lactase); never used up; don’t work well in extremes of pH or temp. |
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Definition
| the substance that the enzyme acts upon (hydrogen peroxide) |
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Definition
| what remains after the enzyme has acted (water and oxygen) |
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Definition
| measurement of acidity or basicity in a solution (orange juice is acidic, milk is basic) |
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Definition
| measurement of heat energy in an environment (Celsius) |
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| activity requiring oxygen |
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Definition
| activity that happens without oxygen |
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Definition
| production of alcohol or lactic acid as a result of no oxygen |
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Definition
| using sunlight to make sugar (C6H12O6) (CO2 + H2O C6H12O6 + O2) |
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Definition
| breakdown of sugar to release energy and make ATP (C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O) |
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| James Watson & Francis Crick |
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Definition
| discovered DNA’s properties |
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Definition
| nitrogen base that bonds to thymine |
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Definition
| nitrogen base that binds to adenine |
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Definition
| nitrogen base that binds to cytosine |
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Definition
| nitrogen base that binds to guanine |
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Definition
| nitrogen base that is found only in RNA binds to adenine |
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Definition
| DNA making a copy of itself |
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Definition
| only half of the DNA is used |
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Definition
| DNA making mRNA in the nucleus |
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Definition
| DNA making mRNA in the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| RNA’s making proteins at the ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| messenger RNA that takes DNA’s message to the ribosome |
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Definition
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Definition
| carries the amino acid to the ribosome; has the anti-codon |
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Definition
| place where proteins are made |
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Definition
| a change in DNA code; can lead to a change in protein |
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Definition
| requires a sperm and egg (humans) |
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Definition
| reproduction by cell division (bacteria) |
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Definition
| contains 2 copies of all of the chromosomes; one from each parent (46); normal body cells |
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Definition
| contains ½ the amount of chromosomes (23); sex cells |
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Definition
| single cell created form the union of sperm and egg |
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Definition
| single cell created form the union of sperm and egg |
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Definition
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Definition
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| cells after cell division |
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Definition
| normal cell division (46 > 46 + 46); involves diploid (2n) cells |
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| sex cell division (46 > 23 + 23 + 23 + 23); creates haploid cells (n) |
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Definition
| DNA crosses over during meiosis to increase variation |
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Definition
| characteristic an organism has (black fur) |
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Definition
| always expressed (brown eyes) |
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Definition
| masked if dominant is present (blue eyes) |
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Definition
| the way an organism looks (black fur) |
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Definition
| an organism’s DNA (ex: BB) |
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| crossing an unknown with a recessive (purple flowers x white flowers) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| genes located on the same chromosome, usually inherited together (red hair and freckles) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| height, weight, skin color, intelligence, (think bell curve) |
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Definition
| father of Genetics; worked with pea plants |
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Term
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Definition
| father of blood banks and transfusions; African American |
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Term
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Definition
| diagram of a persons chromosome used to determine if disorders are present (Down’s Syndrome) |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure where fetal cells are withdrawn to test |
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Term
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Definition
| using DNA technology to treat disease |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure for matching DNA of individuals |
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Definition
| organism with foreign DNA (glowing mice, insulin producing bacteria) |
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Definition
| identical copy of cell donor (Dolly, identical twins) |
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Term
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Definition
| recessive disorder where blood cells are half-moon shaped; problems with oxygen result; heterozygous condition advantageous in malaria infection |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to distinguish between red and green (both look gray); X-linked (mostly males) |
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Term
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Definition
| CF is an inherited (genetic) condition affecting the glands that produce mucus, tears, sweat, saliva and digestive juices. |
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Term
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Definition
| a hereditary condition linked to the X -chromosome. The blood of a person with hemophilia does not clot normally. He does not bleed more profusely or more quickly than other people; however, he bleeds for a longer time. |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by an error in cell division called non-disjunction; extra copy of the number 21 chromosome present in all of their cells; causes the characteristics associated with the syndrome. |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by an error in cell division called non-disjunction; extra copy of the number 21 chromosome present in all of their cells; causes the characteristics associated with the syndrome. |
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Term
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Definition
| disorder where body doesn’t produce an enzyme needed to breakdown phenylalanine; results in retardation if too much is consumed |
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Term
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Definition
| is a devastating, degenerative brain disorder for which there is no treatment or cure. HD slowly diminishes the affected individual's ability to walk, think, talk and reason; typically begins in mid-life, between the ages of 30 and 45 |
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Term
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Definition
| life comes from other life |
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Term
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Definition
| life comes from non-living things |
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Definition
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| disproved spontaneous generation; father of biochemistry |
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