Term
You turn your key and the car doesn't start. Your explanation for this is that the car's battery is dead.
This would be an example of a: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A Na+ ion has an atomic # of 11 and a positive charge. How many total electrons does the Na+ ion contain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A Na+ ion has an atomic # of 11 and a positive charge. How many electrons are in the outer shell of the Na+ ion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A Na+ ion has an atomic # of 11 and a positive charge. How many protons does the Na+ ion have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A Na+ ion has an atomic # of 11 and a positive charge. In Na23, how many neutrons would there be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living organisms?
A. they have at least 1 cell B. maintain constant internal conditions C. they have a nucleus D. they respond to their environment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If the positive hydrogen end of one water molecule is attracted to the negative end of another water
molecule, this would be an example of a/an: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (T or F) The molecules in ice are more widely spaced than the molecules in liquid water. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| You drop sugar into water, it dissolves. Sugar is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ammonia (a base) is dropped into a neutral solution. The pH will: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you took the pH of your blood, what would indicate a normal level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Argon has an atomic # of 18. If it is neutral, how many electrons does it have in its outer shell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is not true of cellulose?
A. is a polysaccharide B. is a structural components of plants C. is composed of monosaccharides linked together D. is digestible by animals |
|
Definition
| D. is digestible by animals |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is true of lipids?
A. contain hydrogen B. used for energy storage
C. are hydrophobic D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If glucose and fructose (monosaccharides) combine to from sucrose (disaccharide), and water is
given off. Then this would be an example of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is true of hydrolysis?
A. smaller molecules are linked together to form larger molecules B. only occurs in non-organic molecules C. requires water D. all of these are true |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Every fatty acid contains which functional group? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Having fat containing is considered to be good for your cardiovascular health. |
|
Definition
| unsaturated, at least one double bond between carbons |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is true of amino acids?
A. form lipids when linked together B. are linked together to form nucleic acids C. are linked together to form proteins D. are the primary components of starch |
|
Definition
| C. They are linked together to form proteins |
|
|
Term
| (T or F) If you go to the doctor, you want your HDL (high density lipoprotein) to be high. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is true of prokaryotes?
A. Can be multicellular B. Have a nucleus
C. Have organelles D. Only bacteria and the archaea are prokaryotic |
|
Definition
| D. Only bacteria and the archaea are prokaryotic |
|
|
Term
Which of the following would be used to digest nutrients in your cells?
A. Golgi complex B. lysosomes
C. smooth endoplasmic reticulum D. ribosomes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following structures are found in plant cells, but not in animal cells?
A. Golgi complex B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. central vacoule D. Golgi apparatus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| across a biological membrane requires energy and transport proteins - moves a substance against its concentration gradient. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following components maintains the fluidity of the plasma membrane?
A. passive transport proteins B. cholesterol
C. receptor proteins D. active transport proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a substance moves through a passive transport protein: |
|
Definition
| it moves from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
|
|
Term
| If a cell is dropped into a hypotonic solution, then the net movement of water will: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If you drop a bag that contains a 1% solution into a beaker that contains a 3% solution, then the bag
will: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If you drop a bag that contains a 1% solution into a beaker that contains a 3% solution. The solution
in the bag is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In which of the following stages is NADH produced?
A. the Krebs cycle B. the preparatory reactions
C. glycolysis D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following molecules is used to carry electrons to the ETC?
A. ATP B. ADP C. FADH2 D. none of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following reactions takes place in the chloroplast?
A. glycolyis B. the Krebs cycle C. the preparatory reactions D. the light dependent reactions |
|
Definition
| D. the light dependent reactions |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is true of the second law of thermodynamics?
A. states that disorder is constantly increasing
B. states the amount of usable energy is decreasing
C. states that all energy transformations are inefficient D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following take place in the mitochondria?
A. the Krebs cycle B. the Calvin cycle
C. glycolysis D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The oxygen you breathe comes from the: |
|
Definition
| light dependent reactions |
|
|
Term
| What gas is consumed (taken in) in the Calvin cycle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the ETC, where does the energy come from to transform ADP into ATP? |
|
Definition
| the movement of hydrogen ions |
|
|
Term
| Electrons are provided directly to the ETC by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The stage of photosynthesis which takes place within the fluid found within a chloroplast is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within an organism. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There is condensation (water) in your breath. Where did that water come from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is consumed in photosynthesis?
A. oxygen B. glucose
C. water D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is produced in photosynthesis and consumed in respiration?
A. carbon dioxide B. glucose
C. sunlight D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which stage of photosynthesis is water consumed? |
|
Definition
| the light dependent reactions |
|
|
Term
| If a cell is dropped into a hypertonic solution, then the net movement of water will: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Why would extremely high temperatures prevent enzymes from regulating chemical
reactions? |
|
Definition
| the shape of the enzyme (and active site) change |
|
|
Term
Which of the following removes electrons from the electron transport chain?
A. hydrogen ions B. oxygen
C. carbon dioxide D. ADP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following would you primarily use anaerobic respiration for?
A. taking a test B. sleeping
C. walking long distances D. sprinting away from an alligator |
|
Definition
| D. sprinting away from an alligator |
|
|
Term
(T or F) Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP per glucose molecule than aerobic
respiration does. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
As electrons pass down the electron transport chain, they are giving off energy to move
across a membrane. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What product of respiration allows mosquitoes to find you? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following wavelengths of light will chlorophyll reflect?
A. red B. orange
C. blue D. green |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the light dependent reactions, solar energy is converted into: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Photosynthesis counteracts the greenhouse effect by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The end product of the light independent reactions (Calvin cycle) is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does glycolysis occur? |
|
Definition
| in the cytoplasm (cytosol) |
|
|
Term
Which of the following reactions produce ATP?
A. the Krebs cycle B. glycolysis
C. the ETC D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maltase regulates a reaction in which maltose is broken down into 2 glucose molecules. Maltose is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maltase regulates a reaction in which maltose is broken down into 2 glucose molecules. (T or F) In the above reaction, maltase is not changed by the chemical reaction. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maltase regulates a reaction in which maltose is broken down into 2 glucose molecules. Glucose is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In humans, mitosis is used to: |
|
Definition
| produce cells that are exact copies of the original cell |
|
|
Term
| (T or F) Sister chromatids contain exactly the same DNA. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cell cycle consists of: |
|
Definition
| interphase and the mitotic phase |
|
|
Term
(T or F) When a cell in mitosis splits into two new cells, those new cells have exactly the same
DNA as the original cell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following would humans use mitosis for?
A. reproduction B. cell replacement
C. to produce haploid cells D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following occurs during interphase?
A. the mitotic spindle forms B. sister chromatids separate C. chromosome duplication D. all of the above |
|
Definition
| C. chromosome duplication |
|
|
Term
| Cancer cells are cells that: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Leukemia is a cancer that might originate in the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chemotherapy consists of drugs that: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a female organism used mitosis to reproduce, then which of the following is true? |
|
Definition
| her offspring would also be female |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is true of meiosis?
A. produces diploid cells B. occurs in most cells found in humans
C. produces gametes D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which stage of meiosis does crossing over take place? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many chromosomes did you get from your father? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is true of chromosome duplication?
A. occurs prior to meiosis I B. occurs between meiosis I and II C. occurs during prophase I D. all of the above |
|
Definition
| A. occurs prior to meiosis I |
|
|
Term
If an organism had 2 chromosomes in its gametes, then how many different combinations of
chromosomes could we see in one of its gametes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Plant height: T= tall and t= short,
Flower color: P= purple flowers, p= white flowers
We cross a short plant that is heterozygous for flower color with a plant that is heterozygous for
plant height, but has white flowers. What proportion of the offspring would we expect to be tall and have purple flowers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Plant height: T= tall and t= short,
Flower color: P= purple flowers, p= white flowers
We cross a short plant that is heterozygous for flower color with a plant that is heterozygous for
plant height, but has white flowers. What proportion of the offspring would we expect to be short and have white flowers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Plant height: T= tall and t= short,
Flower color: P= purple flowers, p= white flowers
We cross a short plant that is heterozygous for flower color with a plant that is heterozygous for
plant height, but has white flowers. What proportion of the offspring would we expect to be short and have purple flowers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In hypercholesterolemia, HH= normal, Hh = mild disease, hh = severe disease. Hypercholesterolemia is an example of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In hypercholesterolemia, HH= normal, Hh = mild disease, hh = severe disease. If one parent with the mild form of the disease crossed with a parent that was normal, then what are the chances their child would have the mild form of the disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a mother with type A blood and a father with type A blood cross, then what blood types could their child have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hair color is affected by numerous genes at numerous loci. Hair color is an example of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In phenylketonuria, a defect in an allele at one locus can result in the symptoms of mental
retardation, eczema, and pigment defects. Phenylketonuria is an example of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (T or F) If a mother has hemophilia, then her son will always have hemophilia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If a father has hemophilia and the mother is normal and homozygous, then what are the
chances their daughter would have hemophilia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If two parents are heterozyous for the allele that causes sickle cell anemia, then what is the
probability their child will actually have the disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If a father is homozygous dominant for the allele that causes Huntington's disease, and he
crosses with a woman who is normal, what are the chances their children would have genes that
coded for Huntington's disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Klinefelter's syndrome is an example of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following conditions generally produces a phenotype that is not detected unless
genetic testing occurs (symptoms that are the least severe)?
A. XO B. XXX
C. XYY D. XXY |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In DNA replication, a thymine will pair with a/an: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In transcription, a thymine on DNA will pair with a/an ______ on the RNA strand. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is true of the lagging strand in DNA replication?
A. is replicated in fragments B. utilizes DNA ligase
C. is replicated in a 5' (prime) to 3' (prime) direction D. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In translation, tRNA (transfer RNA) brings _____ to the ribosome. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If the codon on m-RNA reads A,U,G, then the anti-codon on t-RNA will read: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transcription takes place: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The overall purpose of transcription and translation is to make ______ that can be
linked together to form _____ . |
|
Definition
| polypeptide chains, proteins |
|
|
Term
| The process through which genetic info. flows from genes to proteins-turned on and off by turning transcription on and off |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cells become specialized in structure and function in the many divisions that lead from a unicellular zygote to a multicellular organism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| genetically identical copy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exact genetic replica of another sheep |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| eventually give rise to all the specialized cells of the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transplant nucleus from patient's cells into developing embryonic stem cells and then harvest the stem cells at a very early stage. Stem cells then used to replace patient's damaged cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gene that causes cancer (uncontrolled growth of cells) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal gene can be converted to become an oncogene |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normally inhibit uncontrolled cell division |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| found in bacteria, used to cut DNA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| bacteria-pick up DNA from surroundings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rings of bacterial DNA that can be incorporated into the bacterial cell |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| growth hormone normally secreted by the pituitary gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 or more sections of DNA that have been combined by humans-does not exist in nature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sorts proteins and nucleic acids by charge and size |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DNA is mixed with DNA polymerase (enzyme) and nucleotides which allow the DNA to replicate; can be used to replicate DNA in fossils and artifacts, for medical purposes, and DNA found at a crime scene |
|
Definition
| Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) |
|
|
Term
| consists of the entire genetic makeup of an individual |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| any change in the proportions of different genotypes from one generation to the next |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| individuals that can potentially interbreed with one another to produce offspring that can also reproduce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the unequal survival and reproduction of organisms due to environmental forces-results in the preservation of favorable adaptations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| measure of reproductive success: the ___ individuals are those that leave the most descendants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| study of the physical forms that organisms take |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| features that are the same in structure because of inheritance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| study of how organisms develop from fertilization to birth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| study of how organisms develop from fertilization to birth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all the alleles that exist in a population |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| change in allele frequencies over time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutations, Gene flow, Genetic drift, Nonrandom mating, Natural Selection |
|
Definition
| 5 Agents of Microevolution |
|
|
Term
| permanent alteration in an organism's DNA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| movement of genes from one population to another; occurs through migration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the chance alteration of allele frequencies in a population; Bottleneck effect; Founder effect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| change in allele frequency due to chance during a sharp reduction in a population size |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when a small subpopulation migrates to a new area, and starts a new population |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mating in which a given member of the population is not equally likely to mate with any other given member |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the only one of the 5 that consistently works to adapt organisms to their environment, considered the most important agent in having shaped the natural world |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the study of the interaction of living things with one another and their environment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| all the organisms in a given area and the non-living factors with which they interact |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the variety of living things; includes genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| patterns of weather that prevail over years or centuries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nutrients, Energy, Water and Appropriate temperatures |
|
|
Term
| light supports photosynthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| greatest flow of nutrients, greatest biodiversity, photic zone |
|
Definition
| Intertidal and nearshore zones |
|
|
Term
| Intertidal and nearshore zones, open ocean, deep ocean |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most life is in the upper photic zone; life forms are pelagic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| free swimming or floating |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| only energy comes from organisms that swim here, the remains or products of organisms that drift down from up above, or hydrothermal vents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| large land areas with similar environmental conditions and characteristic plant communities |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high temperatures, high rainfall, high biodiversity, greatest species diversity of any biome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| little rainfall, grasses and small shrubs, large mammals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| low rainfall, vegetation (if present) is scattered, plants and animals adapted to conserve water |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| higher rainfall than a desert, but lower than a forest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| higher rainfall, dominated by trees |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| low rainfall, cold temperatures, slow growing vegetation, fragile |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| species whose influence on a community is greater than its abundance would suggest |
|
Definition
|
|
