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Biology Final
N/A
52
Biology
9th Grade
01/26/2009

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Term
What are the 6 characteristics of life?
Definition
-Cells: all living things are composed of cells
-Organization: All living things are highly organized at both molecular and cellular levels
-Energy Use: all living things use energy in a process of metabolism
-Homeostasis: all living things maintain stable internal conditions
-Growth: All living things grow
-Reproduction: all living things can reproduce.
Term
What do living things have that non-living things don't?
Definition
alive cells, organization of the cells and organelles, metabolism, homeostasis, growth, and the ability to reproduce.
Term
ecology
Definition
the study of individual organisms.
Term
homeostasis
Definition
the stable level of internal conditions.
Term
cells
Definition
a membrane-bound structure that is the basic unit of life.
Term
growth and development
Definition
the process by which an organism grows
Term
reproduction
Definition
the production of new offspring
Term
DNA
Definition
hereditary information in the form of a large molecule called deoxiribonucleic acid
Term
organism
Definition
a form of life composed of mutually interdependent parts that maintain various vital processes.
Term
autotrophs
Definition
an organism that uses energy to synthesize organic molecules from inorganic substances
Term
heterotrophs
Definition
an organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products
Term
multicellular
Definition
a living thing that has more than one cell
Term
unicellular
Definition
a living thing composed of a single cell
Term
What are the scientific method steps?
Definition
1 observing
2 asking a question
3 collection data
4 hypothesizing
5 experimenting
6 drawing conclusions
7 implementing scientific methods
Term
What are 4 ways to collect data?
Definition
observe
measure
sampling
organizing the data you collect
Term
2 parts of hypothesizing are:
Definition
forming and predicting
Term
3 ways to to draw conclusions:
Definition
modeling
inferring
forming a theory
Term
hypothesis
Definition
a statement that explains their observations and can be tested
Term
prediction
Definition
a statement made in advance that states the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis, if supported.
Term
quantitative data
Definition
measurable data
inches, liters, millions, etc.
Term
qualatative data
Definition
non-measurable data such as descriptions
Colors, textures, smells, tastes, appearance, beauty
Term
scientific theory
Definition
broad and comprehensive statement of what is thought to be true.
A supported, educated guess
Term
independent variable
Definition
an experimentally manipulated variable
Term
dependent variable
Definition
the responding variable in an experiment
Term
control
Definition
the standard in that is used for comparison with another group that is different by one factor
Term
What is matter made of?
Definition
anything that occupies space and has mass
Term
atom
Definition
the simplest particle of an element that retains all of the properties of that element
Term
compound
Definition
a pure substance that is made up of atoms of two or more elements
Term
molecule
Definition
the simplest part of a substance that retains all of the properties of the substance and that can exist in a free state
Term
element
Definition
pure substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter
Term
acid
Definition
pH of 8-14
Term
base
Definition
pH of 1-6
Term
What are the 4 types of energy?
Definition
chemical
thermal
electrical
mechanical
Term
activation energy
Definition
the amount of energy to begin the reaction
Term
redox
Definition
reactions in which electrons are transferred between atoms
Term
chemical bonds
Definition
attatchments to atoms through chemical reactions
Term
endergonic reaction
Definition
absorb energy
Term
exergonic
Definition
release energy
Term
ATP
Definition
energy
Term
catalysts
Definition
a chemical that reduces the amount of activation energy needed for a reaction but is not a reactant
Term
enzymes
Definition
a catalyst, usually a protein, in living systems
Term
pH
Definition
measure of acidity in a solution
Term
What are the 3 elements of life?
Definition
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
Term
What makes carbon atoms special?
Definition
it has 4 electrons in it's outermost energy level
Term
monomer
Definition
carbon compounds built up from small simple molecules
Term
polymer
Definition
repeated linked units of monomers
Term
condensation
Definition
monomers link to form polymers through a chemical reaction
Term
hydrolysis
Definition
the breakdown of some complex molecules, such as polymers
Term
polar molecules
Definition
a negative and positive molecule
Term
is a water molecule polar? why?
Definition
oxygen has a negative charge and hydrogen side has a positive charge
Term
is a water molecule polar? why?
Definition
oxygen has a negative charge and hydrogen side has a positive charge
Term
redox reaction
Definition
a reduction-oxidation reaction in which electrons are transferred between atoms. It is a passing of energy
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