Term
| What do all cells have in common |
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Definition
| cell membrane, DNA, cytoplasm, and ribosomes |
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|
Term
| what are the three domains used to classify living things |
|
Definition
| eubacteria, archaea, eukaryotes |
|
|
Term
| what organisms belong in eubacteria |
|
Definition
| cyanobacteria and carbon eating bacteria |
|
|
Term
| what organisms belong in archaea |
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Definition
| saltloving, and heat loving |
|
|
Term
| what organisms belong in eukaroyota |
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Definition
| animails, plants, fungi, chromists, protists |
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|
Term
| what two domains include prokaryotic cells |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the main difference between pro and euk cells |
|
Definition
| pro doesnt have a nucleaus, no cell mem bound organelle, circular DNA, small cells, uses binary fission, no exoskeleton, unicellular |
|
|
Term
| why are viruses NOT considered to be living |
|
Definition
| they dont reproduce, or have a metabolism, or perform cell res |
|
|
Term
| do antibotics work against viruses |
|
Definition
| No, because they dot have a cell and they metabolize off their host cells |
|
|
Term
| Do vaccins work against viruses |
|
Definition
| yes, they produce an antigen that will recognize a certain microbe |
|
|
Term
| Do all viruses have either DNA or RNA |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| do all viruses have a protein coat (capsid) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| do all viruses have an envolope |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe what a antiviral drug might do |
|
Definition
| they stall their development, it trains the immune system to fight the virus |
|
|
Term
| which cell types does the HIV target |
|
Definition
| the helper T cells using reverse transcrriptase |
|
|
Term
| true or false. Prokaryot are the oldest forms of life. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hwo old ar ethe oldest fossils |
|
Definition
| Stromatolites, 3.5 billio years ago |
|
|
Term
| Explain why prok are not placed into the same domain |
|
Definition
| many prokl once classified as bacteria are actually more closley related to euk and belong in the own domain |
|
|
Term
| do antibotics work against bacteria |
|
Definition
| yes. it kills the bacteria that the white blood cell and the immune system cant |
|
|
Term
| true or false. 50% of all human diseses are caused by bacteria |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uses organic and organic compounds |
|
|
Term
| what is the essential to life on earth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| explain how euk have thought to evolve from prok |
|
Definition
| membrane unfolding, and endosymbosis |
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|
Term
| origin of euk cells occured ____ billion years ago |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does monophyletic mean |
|
Definition
| can be traced to one single ancestor...Kingdom protista is monophyletic |
|
|
Term
| true or false. All protists are single celled euk |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| algea are plant like protist that can be single cells or large multi cellular organisms |
|
|
Term
| what are the characterists of fungi |
|
Definition
| euk, non vascular, have hypea, cant make their own food, they absorb their food, alteration of generation, live in both water and soil, cell walls made of chitin, mycelum, reproduce by spores |
|
|
Term
| lichens are a mutualistic association that involves either lving or non living within the network of the fungal network |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| mycorrhizal fungi are benefical or harmful |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the benefits and practical uses of fungi |
|
Definition
| decompses restocking the enviroment wit nutrients, used for food and medicine |
|
|
Term
| what are the characteristics shared with all plants |
|
Definition
| chloroplasts, and cell walls |
|
|
Term
| what is believed to be the common ancestor of all plants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| zygotes eventually divide into.. |
|
Definition
| sporophyte which goes to form spores by meiosis |
|
|
Term
| the gameophyte which then forms will evertually form gametes by... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| do all plants form spores? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| do all plants have vascular tissue? |
|
Definition
| No, mosses are non vascular niether do algea or fungi |
|
|
Term
| what is the overall reaction of photosynthesis |
|
Definition
| CO2+H20 ---light---> CH2O(glucose)+ 02+ H20 |
|
|
Term
| in plants waht pigment is required for photosynthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two stages of photosynthesis |
|
Definition
| light reactions and dark reactions |
|
|
Term
| which stage uses ATP and energized electrons and C02 to make sugar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a process in which carbon dioxide is converted into a solid compound CO2 --> organic compound in the Calvin cycle |
|
|
Term
| do all plants photosynthesize |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does xylem transport |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does phloem transport |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| areas of unspecilized dividing cells hwere plant growth originates |
|
|
Term
| what are the three tissues systems found in most plants |
|
Definition
| dermal tisse, ground tissue, and vascular tissue |
|
|
Term
| what are the 2 vascular tissues found in most plants |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what tissues does vascular cambium produce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of growth is vascular cambium responsible for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what typ eof tissue is found in wood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of tissues is found in bark |
|
Definition
| secondary ploem and cork canbium, and cork |
|
|
Term
| what type of tissues is found in bark |
|
Definition
| secondary ploem and cork canbium, and cork |
|
|
Term
| where is water and minerals moving |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| water moves through the.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| food moves through the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| evapuration of water from the aerial parts of the plant (leaf) |
|
|
Term
| hwo does a plant control transpiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hwo does a plant control transpiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explains water transport of a plant through the capilaries |
|
|
Term
| what characteristics do all animals have |
|
Definition
| lack cell walls, digest food, reproduce, mobile, res system, multicellular, hetertrophs, metamorphasis |
|
|
Term
| name the nine phyla we studied |
|
Definition
| porifera(pore bearing), cnidaria jelly fish, nematodes, annelid (seg worms), arthropods (jointed appendages), flatworms (bilateral sym), chordates (vertabre), echinoderms (starfish) |
|
|
Term
| are there more invertabrates or vertabrate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what phyla are the vertabrates in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name the four major characteristcs of the phylem chordata |
|
Definition
| complete digestive system, bilateral, heart, nerve cord, exoskeleton |
|
|
Term
| Name types of vertabrates |
|
Definition
| lampreys, jawed fishes, amphibians, reptils, birds, mammals |
|
|
Term
| true or false all chordates are vertebatres |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| true or false all chordates are vertebatres |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the main catorgories of tissues found in the body |
|
Definition
| epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous |
|
|
Term
| organ systems contain a group of organs that are functionally connectied |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the main function of all of our organ systems |
|
|
Term
| what are the four main stages of processing food |
|
Definition
| ingestion, digestion, absorbstion, and elimination |
|
|
Term
| where does most of the chemical digestion of food take place |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| waht structural features increase the surface area for absorbtion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the main function of the large intestine (colon) |
|
Definition
| to absorb water and eliminate waste |
|
|
Term
| waht propels food through the digestive tract |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| waht type of muscle found in the digestive system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the functional unit of the respiratory system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what muscle is critical fro inhalation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhalation is due to _______ pressure within the thoratic cavity that results due to the contraction of the diaphram |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is oxygen carried through the blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is C02 carried through the blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does hemoglobin carry both oxygen and C02 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is hemoglobin found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carry oxygenated blood away from the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thinnest/ connnected to the arties and the veins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| carry blood with C02 back to the heart after the 02 has been givin to the cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 metabolic pathways of cell res |
|
Definition
| glycolysis, oxidative, citric acid cycle |
|
|
Term
| where is the most ATP produced |
|
Definition
| in the oxcidative phorphorylation |
|
|
Term
| what pathways occur in the mitocondria |
|
Definition
| citric acid cycle, and oxidative |
|
|
Term
| when is oxygen used during the process of cell res |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| waht is the final electron accptor in cell res |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Innate vs aquired immunity |
|
Definition
Innate= first responce WBC
Aquired= vaccine, specific lymphocytes (t and b) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antibody-mediated b cells, plasma cells will produce antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| T cells, helper t and interleukins that stimulate both t and b cells |
|
|
Term
| what deos cytoxic cells realease |
|
Definition
| perforins that destroy infected body cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| turns against the body (MS) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack one or more parts of the immune system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal sensitivy to certain antigens |
|
|
Term
| what are the funstional units of the nervous system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are neurons excitable cells |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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