Term
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Definition
| Descent with Modification |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Organisms with successful adaptations will... |
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Definition
| experience higher survival &/or reproductive rates -> adaptations increase in popn |
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Term
| Evolution through selection requires... |
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Definition
| variation heritability, and differences in fitness. |
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Term
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Definition
| directional, stabilizing, or disruptive |
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Term
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Definition
| Favors one extreme. Major force leading to evolutionary change. Extreme that is favored may depend on how common that trait is in the popn, heading to frequency-Dependant selection |
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Term
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Definition
| favors average traits. little evolutionary change (status quo). occurs in unchanging environments. |
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Term
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Definition
| favors both extremes. Leads to evolutionary change but uncommon. Think of the bluegill fish. |
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Term
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Definition
| individual or inclusive fitness |
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Term
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Definition
| individuals in a popn with traits that best match the conditions of their environment survive and reproduce better than individuals with other traits. |
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Term
| Adaptations suit an individual to conditions of its environment, increasing... |
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Definition
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Term
| Adaptations increase survival of relatives so individual’s genes are passed on through relatives offspring, increasing... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| adaptations increase individual’s access to mates, increasing individual fitness |
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Term
| Evolution does NOT occur for... |
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Definition
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Term
| Evolution over a long time scale can result in... |
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Definition
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Term
| Adaptation to different environments or specialization on different resources can cause... |
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Definition
| two groups to split into two species |
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Term
| Requirements of Speciation |
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Definition
| reproductive isolation which stops gene flow between two groups. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Prokaryotes can exist in habitats that |
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Definition
| are unsuitable for eukaryotes and exhibit a wider range of nutritional modes |
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Term
| Eukaryotes evolved when... |
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Definition
| one prokaryote came to live in another prokaryote |
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Term
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Definition
| mitochondria and plastids |
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Term
| Prokaryotes and protists are critical in... |
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Definition
| c. Prokaryotes and protists are critical in nutrient cycling, decomposition, food web dynamics, and function as both beneficial and harmful symbiotes of other organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| photosynthetic organisms with cell walls containing cellulose |
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Term
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Definition
i.Pollen grains (improve dispersal of sperm)
ii.Flowers (attract pollinators)
iii.Seeds (allow new plant to disperse away from parent and provide nutrients for initial growth)
iv.And fruits (attract animals to eat the fruit and disperse seeds) |
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Term
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Definition
| nutrients that are digested externally and have cell walls containing chitin |
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Term
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Definition
| main decomposer in many habitats |
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Term
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Definition
| mutualistic relationships with other plants |
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Term
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Definition
| soil nutrients available to plants when living in association with plant roots |
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Term
| What do Animals do and have that sets them apart? |
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Definition
| They digest food internally and have nerves and muscles |
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Term
| Earliest evolving animals |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| radially symmetric animals |
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Term
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Definition
| bilaterally symmetric animals |
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Term
| 95% of all animals are... |
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Definition
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Term
| Of which_______ are by far the most diverse (great success due to specialized appendages) |
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Definition
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Term
| Of which_______ are by far the most diverse (great success due to specialized appendages) |
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Definition
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Term
| Vertebrates share many adaptations for an active lifestyle such as... |
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Definition
| jaws, paired fins/limbs, vertebral column, mineralized skeleton and often have well developed sensory systems |
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Term
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Definition
| competition, predators, and disease increase as popn gets larger, causing popn growth to slow down |
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Term
| What are some of the things that will reduce the size of a population for a given amount of resources? |
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Definition
| Competitors, predators, parasites, parasitoids, and herbivores |
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Term
| What two things act as particularly strong selective pressures on one another? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Human activities reduce bio.... |
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Definition
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Term
| Biodiversity will be higher with greater... |
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Definition
| habitat diversity, greater area, higher connection |
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Term
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Definition
| distance to other habitats, and presence of keystone species |
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Term
| What are some primary threats to biodiversity? |
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Definition
| Global warming, invasive species, non point source pollution, and conversion of natural systems to agriculture |
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